Seedlings of Barro Colorado Island and the Neotropics

Baskin, Carol C.

doi:10.1600/036364410790862452

Cited by 4 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…As the cotyledons are also relatively thick (4.5 ≥ mm) and fall after soon the E1 expanded, they are categorized as the reserve type. Thus, the seedlings of C. pubiflora correspond to the PER (phanerocotylar, epigeal, reserve) morphofunctional type sensu Garwood (1996, 2009), which agrees with the data available for most Copaifera species (Table 1). The exception was C. langsdorffii Desf., for which different studies reported both PER (Guerra et al, 2006; Oliveira, 1999; Ressel et al, 2004) and PHR (phanerocotylar, hypogeal, reserve) types (Frigieri et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In addition, C. pubiflora and other analyzed species of Copaifera do not possess cataphylls on the epicotyl. This condition is expected since cataphylls or transitional leaves on the epicotyledonary axis very rarely occur in epigeal seedlings (Garwood, 2009; Hallé et al, 1978). In fact, data from Léonard (1957, 1994a, 1994b) and Léonard and Doucet (1997) indicate that, apart from some species of Baikiaea , cataphylls on the epicotyl are absent in all other genera within the Detarium clade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We observed the early development stages of 15 seedling specimens, which is under the requirements of Pérez‐Harguindeguy et al (2013). Descriptions followed the terminology of Bell (2008) and Garwood (2009); eophylls at the first, second, and third eophyllar nodes are hereafter referred to as E1, E2, and E3, respectively. The growth and branching processes were analyzed according to Barthélémy and Caraglio (2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exception was C. langsdorffii Desf., for which different studies reported both PER (Guerra et al, 2006;Oliveira, 1999;Ressel et al, 2004) and PHR (phanerocotylar, hypogeal, reserve) types (Frigieri et al, 2016). Such a situation may indicate an infra-specific variation in the development of the hypocotyl in C. langsdorffii, making it a rare example of a polymorphic species in the Neotropics (Garwood, 2009); another possibility is that the authors have developed studies on different species under the same name, which needs to be further investigated.…”

Section: Seedlings Of Copaifera Pubiflora and Congenericsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology and architectural analysis of Copaifera pubiflora seedlings (Detarioideae, Leguminosae)

Silva

Rodrigues

2022

Feddes Repertorium

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Copaifera L. is a woody legume genus with 42 species (LPWG, 2021), which are more commonly known as copaibas and produce valuable terpenoid oleoresins used in folk and modern medicine, cosmetic, and other chemistry-related activities (e.g., Plowden, 2003;Trindade et al., 2018). Predominantly Neotropical, Copaifera is most diverse in Brazil with 28 species (LPWG, 2021). The current circumscription of Copaifera also encompasses nine extra-Brazilian Neotropical species, four African species, and the Malaysian Borneo C. palustris (Symington) de Wit, the latter originally described in Pseudosindora Symington (LPWG, 2021;Mackinder, 2015).Copaifera belongs to Detarieae, which congregates the resin-producing taxa of Detarioideae (de la Estrella et al., 2018; LPWG, 2017). Within Detarieae, Copaifera (including Pseudosindora) has been placed in a clade together with Baikiaea Benth.,

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Seedlings Of Copaifera Pubiflora and Congenericsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphology and architectural analysis of Copaifera pubiflora seedlings (Detarioideae, Leguminosae)

Silva

Rodrigues

2022

Feddes Repertorium

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“…An understudied aspect of the demographic consequences of resource provisioning supplied to young seedlings is the type of cotyledon strategy a species possesses (Baraloto & Forget, 2007; Garwood, 1996, 2009; Kitajima, 1996; Kitajima & Myers, 2008; Zanne et al., 2005). Some species have reserve‐type cotyledons that store carbohydrates and nutrients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional traits of young seedlings predict trade‐offs in seedling performance in three neotropical forests

Metz,

Wright,

Zimmerman

et al. 2023

Journal of Ecology

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Understanding the mechanisms that promote the coexistence of hundreds of species over small areas in tropical forest remains a challenge. Many tropical tree species are presumed to be functionally equivalent shade tolerant species but exist on a continuum of performance trade‐offs between survival in shade and the ability to quickly grow in sunlight. These trade‐offs can promote coexistence by reducing fitness differences. Variation in plant functional traits related to resource acquisition is thought to predict variation in performance among species, perhaps explaining community assembly across habitats with gradients in resource availability. Many studies have found low predictive power, however, when linking trait measurements to species demographic rates. Seedlings face different challenges recruiting on the forest floor and may exhibit different traits and/or performance trade‐offs than older individuals face in the eventual adult niche. Seed mass is the typical proxy for seedling success, but species also differ in cotyledon strategy (reserve vs. photosynthetic) or other leaf, stem and root traits. These can cause species with the same average seed mass to have divergent performance in the same habitat. We combined long‐term studies of seedling dynamics with functional trait data collected at a standard life‐history stage in three diverse neotropical forests to ask whether variation in coordinated suites of traits predicts variation among species in demographic performance. Across hundreds of species in Ecuador, Panama and Puerto Rico, we found seedlings displayed correlated suites of leaf, stem, and root traits, which strongly correlated with seed mass and cotyledon strategy. Variation among species in seedling functional traits, seed mass, and cotyledon strategy were strong predictors of trade‐offs in seedling growth and survival. These results underscore the importance of matching the ontogenetic stage of the trait measurement to the stage of demographic dynamics. Our findings highlight the importance of cotyledon strategy in addition to seed mass as a key component of seed and seedling biology in tropical forests because of the contribution of carbon reserves in storage cotyledons to reducing mortality rates and explaining the growth‐survival trade‐off among species. Synthesis: With strikingly consistent patterns across three tropical forests, we find strong evidence for the promise of functional traits to provide mechanistic links between seedling form and demographic performance.

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Foliar disease incidence in a tropical seedling community is density dependent and varies along a regional precipitation gradient

Milici,

Comita,

Bagchi

2024

Journal of Ecology

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Many studies identify fungal and oomycete phytopathogens as natural enemies capable of influencing plant species composition and promoting diversity in plant communities. However, little is known about how plant‐pathogen interactions vary along regional abiotic gradients or with tree species characteristics, which limits our understanding of the causes of variation in tree species richness. We surveyed 10,756 seedlings from 272 tree species for disease symptoms along a mean annual precipitation gradient in the tropical wet forests of Central Panama for 3 months in the early wet season (June–August) and 2 months in the following dry season (March–April). Over 99% of observed disease symptoms were caused by necrotrophic foliar pathogens, while less than 1% of symptoms were attributed to soilborne pathogens. Foliar disease incidence was inversely related to mean annual precipitation, a pattern which may be due to greater disease susceptibility among dry forest species. Foliar disease incidence increased with conspecific seedling density but did not respond to the proximity of conspecific adults. Although foliar disease incidence decreased as mean annual precipitation increased, the strength of conspecific density‐ or distance‐dependence was independent of the precipitation gradient. Seedlings of common tree species and species dispersed by non‐flying mammals had a higher risk of foliar pathogen incidence. Increased disease in common species may help reduce their dominance. Synthesis. The increases in foliar pathogen incidence with conspecific seedling density, species abundance, and dispersal mechanism indicate that foliar disease incidence is non‐random and may contribute to the regulation of tropical plant communities and species coexistence. Furthermore, the relationships between foliar disease incidence, dispersal mechanism and precipitation suggest plant‐pathogen interactions could shift as a response to climate change and disruption of the disperser community.

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Seedlings of Barro Colorado Island and the Neotropics

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Morphology and architectural analysis of Copaifera pubiflora seedlings (Detarioideae, Leguminosae)

Morphology and architectural analysis of Copaifera pubiflora seedlings (Detarioideae, Leguminosae)

Functional traits of young seedlings predict trade‐offs in seedling performance in three neotropical forests

Foliar disease incidence in a tropical seedling community is density dependent and varies along a regional precipitation gradient

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