Seedling defoliation of cereal crops increases peanut growth and yield in an intercropping system

Huang, Bo; Zou, Xiaojin; Xu, Huasen; Xu, Jianlong; Liu, Huiyu; Sun, Wei; Gong, Liang; Niu, Shiwei; Liu, Feng; Yang, Ning; Zhang, Lizhen; Sun, Zenghui

doi:10.1016/j.cj.2021.05.012

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The higher CAP values for peanut were attributed to the enhancement of the light environment through removing organs, thus reducing the light competition ( Zou et al., 2019 ). Similar to our findings, higher photosynthetic characteristics were reported under improved light conditions in different intercropping systems ( Raza et al., 2019b ; Huang et al., 2022 ). These findings have revealed that crop leaves can alter their photosynthetic properties to accommodate changing light environments ( Huang et al., 2011 ; Wang et al., 2021a ; Su et al., 2023 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Organ removal of maize increases peanut canopy photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and yield in maize/peanut intercropping

Liu,

Nan,

Lin

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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In maize/peanut intercropping systems, shade from maize is a major factor in peanut yield reduction. Reasonable redundant organ removal of maize plants could alleviate this problem and improve intercropped peanut yields. We studied the influences of organ removal of maize on peanut canopy photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation and yield in maize/peanut intercropping systems in 2021 and 2022. Five organ-removal treatments were performed on maize plants to ameliorate the light environments in the peanut canopy. Treatments consisted of removal of the tassel only (T1), the tassel with top two leaves (T2), the tassel with top four leaves (T3), the tassel with top six leaves (T4), the leaves below the second leaf below the ear (T5), with no removal as control (T0). The results showed that organ-removal treatment (T4) significantly improved the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 49.5%) of intercropped peanut canopy. It improved dry matter accumulation by increasing the canopy photosynthetic capacity (canopy apparent photosynthetic rate (CAP), leaf area index (LAI), and specific leaf area (SLA)), ultimately contributing to peanut yield by increasing pod number per plant. Also, the above results were verified by structural equation modeling. The yield of intercropped peanut reached the highest value at T4. At the level of intercropping systems, the land equivalent ratio (LER) peaked at T2 (1.56, averaged over the two years), suggesting that peanut and maize can coexist more harmoniously under T2 treatment. The T2 treatment increased peanut yield by an average of 7.1% over two years and increased maize yield by 4.7% compared to the T0 treatment. The present study suggests that this may be an effective cultivation measure to mitigate intercropping shade stress in terms of adaptive changes in intercropped peanut under maize organ removal conditions, providing a theoretical basis for intercropped peanut yield increase.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Organ removal of maize increases peanut canopy photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and yield in maize/peanut intercropping

Liu,

Nan,

Lin

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…In addition, seedling defoliation may also be effective in an intercropping system with combination of legume which normally suffers from shading from intercropped tall maize. In the intercropping system of corn and peanut, seedling defoliation of maize can reduce shading due to shortening crop height and promote the photosynthetically active radiation and net photosynthetic rates of peanut, thereby increasing peanut growth and yield (Huang et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defoliation at seedling stage enhances maize yield by reducing lodging

Zou

et al. 2023

Agronomy Journal

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Lodging greatly reduces maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield and harvest efficiency. We conducted a 3-year (2018-2020) field experiment in Fengcheng city, Liaoning, China to investigate the effects of maize seedling defoliation on lodging resistance and grain yield. Two cultivars, Liangyu99 and Hongshuo, were tested without (control treatment) and with defoliation at seedling stage (V4 stage: DS treatment). Compared with the control, DS significantly (p < 0.05) decreased stalk lodging by 63.2%-77.9% and 51.0%-75.1%, contributing to the increase in grain yield by 4.94%-7.76% and 9.75%-19.6% for Liangyu99 and Hongshuo, respectively, during 2018-2020. The improvement of maize lodging resistance by seeding defoliation was mainly due to changes in plant morphology. On average, 12.0% and 21.9% declines in plant and ear heights, respectively, were observed and the number of internodes below the ear was reduced by 1-2 units for both cultivars with DS. A comparison of cultivars revealed that the increase in grain yield with defoliation was approximately twofold greater for Hongshuo than for Liangyu99. The greatest yield increase due to seedling defoliation was observed in 2018, when the yield was lowest with the nontreated control. However, in environments where lodging is less common, suppression of early vegetative growth would probably make little, if any, contribution to maize yield. These results suggest that defoliation of maize seedlings could be a profitable agronomic practice for maize grown in areas that experience frequent lodging.

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Potential use of maize–peanut intercropping to adapt to drought and nitrogen–shortage impacts

et al. 2022

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Seedling defoliation of cereal crops increases peanut growth and yield in an intercropping system

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Organ removal of maize increases peanut canopy photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and yield in maize/peanut intercropping

Organ removal of maize increases peanut canopy photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, and yield in maize/peanut intercropping

Defoliation at seedling stage enhances maize yield by reducing lodging

Potential use of maize–peanut intercropping to adapt to drought and nitrogen–shortage impacts

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