Seeding system and density for winter Urochloa ruziziensis intercropped with sorghum between soybean crops

Abstract

The intercrop of grain sorghum with Urochloa ruziziensis allows the production of grains and biomass in the winter. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the more adequate seeding system and seed density for Urochloa ruziziensis intercropped with sorghum between soybean crops to obtain high grain and biomass yields with these species and evaluate the performance of the subsequent soybean crop. The experiments were carried out in the winter of 2015 and in the 2015-2016 crop season in Rio Verde GO, and Santa Helena de Goiás GO, Brazil. The treatments consisted of three seeding systems (in-row, inter-row, and broadcast), and five seed densities (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 viable seeds m-2) of U. ruziziensis intercropped with sorghum, using monocultures of sorghum and U. ruziziensis as controls. The seeding density of 8 viable seeds m-2 of U. ruziziensis using in-row seeding, and up to 10 viable seeds m-2 using inter-row, and broadcast seedings do not decrease sorghum grain yield. Increasing seeding density of U. ruziziensis increases its dry matter yield, and the total dry matter yield when intercropped with sorghum. The intercrop of sorghum with U. ruziziensis increases the soil plant coverage. The dry matter of the intercrop of sorghum with U. ruziziensis does not affect soybean grain yield.

Allelopathic Potential of Plant Aqueous Mixtures on Euphorbia heterophylla

“…S. bicolor plants were harvested at 60 days after emergency, that is, in the pre-flowering stage [29]. After collection, the plant material was separated into roots and stems.…”

“…Weston et al [28], observed the allelopathic effects of sorghum residues on various weeds in monocrop and intercrop systems. Another report found that the use of both U. ruziziensis and sorghum as cover crops in soybean fields enhanced the allelopathic effects against weeds because of their increased plant cover and biomass generation [29].…”

Dessecação de forrageiras do gênero Urochloa com herbicida glifosato

“…Tropical forage species, mainly those from the Urochloa genus have been shown relative success to supply biomass for NTS in agricultural lands (Freitas et al, 2013;Santos et al, 2015;Da Silva et al, 2018). In this cropping system, the introduction of forage species can be made under intercropping with crops like maize (Kichel et al, 2018;Da Silva et al, 2018), sorghum (Buffara et al, 2018), sunflower (Kimecz et al, 2018) and soybean (Erasmo et al, 2017), either in a rotation cropping system or under monocropping aiming the straw production.…”

“…Among the commercially available forage species from the Urochloa genus, the U. ruziziensis stands out due to its agronomic traits and forage yield (Duarte et al, 2019), besides its soil cover and capacity to maintain the soil moisture in a no-tillage cropping system (Buffara et al, 2018). However, many species like the U. brizantha cv.…”