Seed storage behaviour of four Sahelian and Sudanian tree species (<i>Boscia senegalensis, Butyrospermum parkii, Cordyla pinnata and Saba senegalensis</i>)

Danthu, Pascal; Gueye, Arona; BOYE, Auguste-Denise Mambé; Bauwens, David; Sarr, Amadou

doi:10.1017/s0960258500000192

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Desiccation from a whole-seed water content of c. 30% resulted in a steady decline in viability, with the water content for 50% viability loss falling in the region 20-26%. Similarly, for this species, Danthu et al (2000) reported a water content of 22% for 50% viability loss. As viability in the wet-stored controls was maintained, viability loss was a consequence of desiccation per se rather than the storage duration, with the overall desiccation sensitivity comparable to that observed for a wide range of species in other studies (e.g.…”

Section: Desiccation Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 73%

Seed mass variation potentially masks a single critical water content in recalcitrant seeds

Daws

Gaméné

Glidewell³

et al. 2004

Seed Sci. Res.

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For recalcitrant seeds, mortality curves of germination versus water content typically imply a wide range of desiccation sensitivities within a seed population. However, seed to seed differences in water content, during desiccation, may confound our interpretation of these mortality plots. Here, we illustrate this problem for two batches of Vitellaria paradoxa (Sapotaceae) seeds collected in 1996 and 2002. Whole seeds were desiccated to various target water contents (TWCs) using silica gel. During desiccation, smaller seeds in the population dried most rapidly. Consequently, there was a significant linear relationship between whole-seed water content and seed mass during the drying process. In addition, following desiccation to low TWCs, only the largest seeds in the population retained viability. Taken together, this suggests that the larger seeds survived, not as a consequence of great relative desiccation tolerance, but as a result of taking longer to desiccate. Subsequently, the critical water content (CWC) for viability loss was calculated, based on the assumptions that in the seed population whole-seed water content during desiccation was normally distributed and the smallest, and hence driest, seeds were killed first. Using this approach, the driest seeds in the population that were killed, at each TWC, were always below a single CWC (c. 20% and 26% in 1996 and 2002, respectively). In subsequent experiments the effect of seed size variation on the response to desiccation was confirmed by conducting desiccation screens on seeds sorted into two discrete size classes, i.e. the seed-lot heterogeneity in mass was reduced. Using this approach, the mortality curves had a steeper slope. Furthermore, data for 24 tropical tree species from the Database of Tropical Tree Seed Research (DABATTS) revealed that seed lots with less variability in mass had steeper mortality curves. Thus, taken together, the data suggest that, at least for whole seeds, the wide range of desiccation sensitivities typically inferred is an artefact of seed to seed variation in mass, and hence water contents, during drying.

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Section: Desiccation Sensitivitymentioning

confidence: 73%

Seed mass variation potentially masks a single critical water content in recalcitrant seeds

Daws

Gaméné

Glidewell³

et al. 2004

Seed Sci. Res.

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“…Finch-Savage and Blake (1994) found a strong positive relationship between MC of Quercus robur seeds at time of shedding in different years and WC 50 . However, for a gymnosperm and two angiosperm trees (Farrant et al 1989), one African tree species of the Sahelian Zone and three from the Sudanian Zone (Danthu et al 2000) and nine species of Coffea native to tropical seasonal forests of Africa (Dussert et al 1999(Dussert et al , 2000, there was no significant relationship between initial MC and WC 50 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Ecology of seed germination of eight non-pioneer tree species from a tropical seasonal rain forest in southwest China

Baskin

et al. 2007

Plant Ecol

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We compared various aspects of the seed biology of eight non-pioneer tree species from a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, SW China, that differ in time of dispersal, size and fresh seed moisture content (MC). Seeds were tested for germination under laboratory conditions after dehydration to different moisture levels and under 3.5, 10 and 30% solar irradiances in neutral-shade houses. For six species, germination was also compared in forest understory (3.5% light) and center of a forest gap (32.5% light). Under continuous dehydration over activated silica gel, 100% of seeds of four species had lost the ability to germinate after 48 h, and those of all species except Castanopsis hystrix (decreased from [90 to 30% germination) had lost the ability to germinate after 120 h. Four species did not differ in final germination percentages at the three irradiances (i.e. uniform germination). However, final germination percentages of Horsfieldia pandurifolia and Litsea pierrei var. szemaois were significantly lower in 30% than in 10 or 3.5% light, and seeds of Antiaris toxicaria and C. hystrix germinated to higher percentages in 30 and 10% than in 3.5% light. Mean time to germination (MTG) of the eight species (forest and shade house data combined) ranged from 5-5 days for Pometia tomentosa to 72-207days for L. pierrei; MTG for four species was £21 days. There was no obvious relationship between relative desiccation resistance and either time of dispersal, MTG or uniformity of germination at the three light levels, or between seed size and MC or MTG. However, the relationship between seed MC at maturity (25-60% fresh mass basis) and MC at 50% loss of seed viability (12.4-42.5%) was significant. Seven of the species fit Garwood's (Ecol Monogr 53:159-181, 1983) rapidrainy germination syndrome and one, L. pierrei, either her delayed-rainy or intermediate-dry germination syndrome. However, fresh, non-dehydrated seeds of all eight species germinated in £30 days at constant 30°C in light.

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“…2, 3). Thus, susceptible seeds are irreversibly damaged by hydrated storage under cool conditions and are known to be ''chilling sensitive'' (Ibanez 1964;Berjak et al 1995;Sacande´et al 1998;Pammenter and Berjak 1999;Danthu et al 2000). Damage to Cuphea seeds can be induced and ameliorated by simple temperature fluctuations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triacylglycerol phase and ‘intermediate’ seed storage physiology: a study of Cuphea carthagenensis

Crane¹,

Kovach

Gardner

et al. 2005

Planta

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Seeds with 'intermediate' storage physiology store poorly under cold and dry conditions. We tested whether the poor shelf life can be attributed to triacylglycerol phase changes using Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) seeds. Viability remained high when seeds were stored at 25 degrees C, but was lost quickly when seeds were stored at 5 degrees C. Deterioration was fastest in seeds with high (>or=0.10 g g(-1)) and low (0.01 g g(-1)) water contents (g H(2)O g dry mass(-1)), and slowest in seeds containing 0.04 g g(-1). A 45 degrees C treatment before imbibition restored germination of dry seeds by melting crystallized triacylglycerols. Here, we show that the rate of deterioration in C. carthagenensis seeds stored at 5 degrees C correlated with the rate that triacylglycerols crystallized within the seeds. Lipid crystallization, measured using differential scanning calorimetry, occurred at 6 degrees C for this species and was fastest for seeds stored at 5 degrees C that had high and very low water contents, and slowest for seeds containing 0.04 g g(-1). Germination decreased to 50% (P50) when between 16 and 38% of the triacylglycerols crystallized; complete crystallization took from 10 to over 200 days depending on water content. Our results demonstrate interactions between water and triacylglycerols in seeds: (1) water content affects the propensity of triacylglycerols to crystallize and (2) hydration of seed containing crystallized triacylglycerols is lethal. We suggest that these interactions form the basis of the syndrome of damage experienced when seeds with intermediate storage physiologies are placed in long-term storage.

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Seed storage behaviour of four Sahelian and Sudanian tree species (Boscia senegalensis, Butyrospermum parkii, Cordyla pinnata and Saba senegalensis)

Cited by 17 publications

References 7 publications

Seed mass variation potentially masks a single critical water content in recalcitrant seeds

Seed mass variation potentially masks a single critical water content in recalcitrant seeds

Ecology of seed germination of eight non-pioneer tree species from a tropical seasonal rain forest in southwest China

Triacylglycerol phase and ‘intermediate’ seed storage physiology: a study of Cuphea carthagenensis

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