Seed Source Variation in Growth Performance and Oil Yield of Jatropha curcas Linn. in Central India

Abstract

Results of a seed source evaluation trial of Jatropha curcas Linn. laid out in 1996 at Jabalpur (M.P), a semi arid region of India are reported and discussed. Seeds collected from ten sources from central India representing the states Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra viz. Gondia, Bichia, Balaghat, Niwas, Khandwa, Burhanpur, Nasik, Chindwara, Kundam and Jabalpur were evaluated for their growth performance from nursery stage (3 months) to field (two years). Variation in seed oil content of different sources were also studied and reported. Significant differences between the seed sources at age 27 months were observed for height, collar diameter, number of branches leaf area and field survival. Seeds collected from different sources also varied significantly in respect of seed and kernel weight and oil content in seed/kernel. The Chhindwara (M.P.) source performed the best and yielded a maximum oil of 39.12% from whole seed and 58.12% from kernel. The oil content ranged from 33.02 to 39.12% in whole seeds and 47.08 to 58.12% in kernel, across the seed sources. The performance of Kundam (M.P.), Jabalpur (M.P.), Bichia (M.P.), Niwas (M.P.) and Nasik (Maharashtra) sources were also found satisfactory for oil yield. Results indicate that genetic differences exist between the seed sources of J. curcas. The growth traits showed significant positive correlation with each other. Fair differences between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability were observed. Heritability (broad sense) values were fairly good with regard to leaf area, height and collar diameter in comparison to survival percent. The relative performance of these sources was fairly consistent throughout the observation period.

Capacidade combinatória e parâmetros genéticos de genótipos de pinhão-manso quanto a caracteres morfoagronômicos

“…Abreu et al (2009) também encontraram variabilidade genética significativa, entre dez acessos avaliados quanto à altura de plantas, altura de inserção da primeira folha, ao diâmetro do colo e ao número de folhas. Ginwal et al (2004) avaliaram acessos de pinhão-manso procedentes de dez Estados da Índia, dos três meses aos dois anos, e encontraram variabilidade genética em características como: morfologia da semente, características de crescimento e produtividade de óleo. Parthiban et al (2011) avaliaram 27 híbridos de pinhão-manso na Índia e econtrataram altos coeficientes de variação fenotípica e genotípica, em que a produção de sementes foi o caráter com os maiores coeficientes de variação, seguido por índice de robustez, NRS, DC, AP e número de ramos primários.…”

“…Quanto a DC, estimativas de herdabilidade altas a moderadas têm sido relatadas, com valores de: 33,7% (Laviola et al, 2011), 68,9% (Das et al, 2010), 76% (Ginwal et al, 2004) e 87,1% (Parthiban et al, 2011); contra 85,50% do presente trabalho.…”

“…Quanto à AP, a herdabilidade foi de 53,85%, em comparação aos valores citados na literatura de 55,57% (Laviola et al, 2011), 74,8% (Parthiban et al, 2011), 87,73% (Rao et al, 2008, 89% (Das et al, 2010) e 97% (Ginwal et al, 2004). Quanto ao NRS, observouse 91,61% de herdabilidade, resultado superior aos de outros estudos, como os de Das et al (2010), Laviola et al (2011) e Parthiban et al (2011.…”

Canopy growth and productivity of Jatropha genotypes

“…Fey et al (2014) also found a positive correlation between height and production (0.72). As all the features have a positive effect on each other, the improvement of one characteristic will result in improvement of others which the first has positive correlation (GINWAL et al, 2004). Among them, the variable that has more influence on grain production is the canopy projection on inter rows, that also has effect on the canopy volume.…”

Pertumbuhan dan Distribusi Akar Tanaman Muda Beberapa Genotipe Unggul Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas L.)

“…Kelima genotype unggul jarak pagar yang diuji dalam penelitian ini merupakan populasi terperbaiki (Improved Population) melalui seleksi massa dari populasi liar yang ada hubungan kekerabatannya satu sama lainnya, terutama daerah asal (provenan). Ditambahkan oleh Ginwal et al (2004) Sehubungan dengan tidak adanya beda nyata pertumbuhan dan perkembangan akar kelima genotype unggul yang diuji dalam penelitian ini, dan berdasarkan pada data Tabel 1 hingga Tabel 7, maka dapat diuraikan bahasan sebagai berikut ini. Arsitektur perakaran kelima genotype unggul jarak pagar yang diuji dari sejak awal perkembangannya hingga tanaman muda berumur 6 bulan menunjukkan arsitektur yang unik, akar tunggang yang tumbuh geotropik dengan empat akar lateral yang tumbuh horizontal.…”