Seed Production Studies on Perennial Ryegrass, Timothy and Prairie Grass

Hill, M. J.; Watkin, B. R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01365.x

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This might reflect some kind of fresh-seed dormancy, even as late as three months after harvest. Our results are, however, contradictory to those of Hill and Watkin (1975), who found timothy seed combined at 30Á 40% SMC to be dormant immediately after harvest, but not after three months of storage. In their study, seed combined at 25% or lower SMC showed no dormancy even immediately after harvest.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Influence of harvest time and storage location on the longevity of timothy (Phleum pratenseL.) seed

Havstad

Aamlid

2013

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Sc

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Norwegian agriculture relies heavily on a safe supply of seed of winter-hardy timothy cultivars. To buffer variations in seed consumption and seed yields, seed companies keep stocks corresponding to 50Á100% of average annual seed consumption. Such large stocks are risky to maintain as seeds lose germination over time.Our objective was to elucidate the effect of seed harvest time and seed storage location on the longevity of timothy seed. In 2003, the Norwegian timothy cultivars, 'Grindstad', 'Vega' and 'Noreng', were combined directly at three different seed harvest times corresponding to a seed moisture content (SMC) of 33Á35% (H1), 26Á28% (H2) and 16Á20% (H3), respectively. Germination analyses were conducted before storage and after 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months of storage in a conditioned seed store at Landvik (48C, 30% RH) or in unconditioned warehouses at three climatically different locations (Tynset, Holstad and Vaksdal). Seed harvest time became increasingly significant as time went by. After 60 months seed harvested at 16Á20% SMC (H3) germinated, on average for storage locations and cultivars, 24% units better than seed harvested at 33Á35% SMC (H1). Seed stored in the conditioned store at Landvik germinated, on average for harvest times and cultivars, 4, 15 and 47 units better than seed stored at Tynset (continental), Holstad (intermediate) and Vaksdal (coastal), respectively. A significant interaction emphasised the importance of storing seed combined at a high SMC under optimal conditions in order to avoid germination loss. This linkage between harvest time and storage conditions for timothy seed longevity has not earlier been reported. Probably due to larger seeds that were more susceptible to mechanical damage, seed of 'Grindstad' usually had the lowest germination. These new results suggest that appropriate adjustment of drum speed and concave clearance is especially important when harvesting 'Grindstad'.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 85%

Influence of harvest time and storage location on the longevity of timothy (Phleum pratenseL.) seed

Havstad

Aamlid

2013

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Soil & Plant Sc

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“…In all species a gradual fall in moisture content of seed over time was noted with minor fluctuations (Figures 1 and 2). This has been illustrated in grasses by a number of workers (Gwynne, 1969;Roberts, 1969;1971;Hill and Watkin, 1975;Pegler, 1976). The rates of decrease in moisture content were likely to have been at a maximum for these species under UK conditions as July and August were very hot and dry in 1975.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…During cooler and wetter conditions the rate of decrease might have been less in all species. Hill and Watkin (1975) found a variation between years in the change in seed moisture content of grasses over time and this was attributed to the hot dry weather in one year. Sunshine hours, high evaporation, wind speed and rainfall have all been shown to influence the trend in moisture content decrease in cereals (Dodds and Petton, 1967).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other workers have also shown that fairly high germination can be obtained at an early stage of ripeness (milky stage of the endosperm) (Grabe, 1956;Hyde et al, 1959;Pegler, 1976). It is contended, however, that seeds harvested at such an early stage would be subject to damage if combined directly and also would be light in weight and therefore not retain their viability for more than 3 months as they are likely to contain insufficient food reserves (Grabe, 1956;Hyde et al, 1959;Hill and Watkin, 1975). Such seed would probably be removed during commercial cleaning (Hill and Watkin, 1975).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimum time of combine harvesting for amenity grasses grown for seed

Hebblethwaite

Ahmed

1978

Grass and Forage Science

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The relationships between, and changes in moisture content, lOOO-seed weight, germination percentage and seed yield were determined from anthesis onwards in ten amenity grasses in 1975. These relationships were used to indicate the optimum date for combine harvesting and to give some indication of the consequences which follow if harvest was not carried out at this stage.In all species seed moisture content declined, and 10(K)-seed weight and germination increased to a maximum value, during ripening.

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“…In grass species (Hyde, McLeavey & Harris, 1959;Hill & Watkin, 1975;Pegler, 1976), and onion (Steiner & Akintobi, 1986), physiological maturity has been correlated with seed moisture content and it has also been used to determine the date of maximum yield of viable seed in grasses (Klein & Harmond, 1971). The recent introduction of seed moisture meters based on capacitance measurements have markedly increased the speed with which such estimates can be made, but large quantities of seeds ( 1 5 g minimum) are required per test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between indices of seed maturity and carrot seed quality

Steckel

Gray

Rowse

1989

Annals of Applied Biology

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Carrot seeds cvs Chantenay and Amsterdam were harvested on several occasions from crops grown in 1985 and 1986, from the time they had reached or were close t o their maximum dry weight and were starting to turn brown.Maximum seed dry weight occurred approximately 40-45 days after flowering (DAF) in both cultivars. Maximum germination (International Seed Testing Association 14-day count) occurred 40 and 55 D A F in cvs Chantenay and Amsterdam, respectively, but the maximum 7-day count and the minimum coefficient of variation of embryo length did not occur until 60 D A F in cv. Chantenay and 55 t o 65 DAF in cv. Amsterdam. Percentage germination was negatively and linearly related to seed moisture content, chlorophyll a + b content in the seed coat and seed distortion, measured on a modified tensile-testing machine, the relationships accounting for 77, 71 and 64% of the variance in the 7-day germination count, respectively. The corresponding values for the 14-day count were 63, 61 and 50%. A simple field test for monitoring seed maturity is proposed.

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Seed Production Studies on Perennial Ryegrass, Timothy and Prairie Grass

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Influence of harvest time and storage location on the longevity of timothy (Phleum pratenseL.) seed

Influence of harvest time and storage location on the longevity of timothy (Phleum pratenseL.) seed

Optimum time of combine harvesting for amenity grasses grown for seed

Relationships between indices of seed maturity and carrot seed quality

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