Seed potato production system in Japan, starting from foundation seed of potato

Abstract

Potato is one of the staple crops cultivated in upland farming in Japan and is propagated vegetatively by means of tubers. However once infected with diseases, potato yield decreases significantly. And one seed potato can produce approximately only 10 potato tubers. To improve the production system of seed potatoes in Japan, Japanese government established a three-stage propagation system for the production and distribution of healthy and disease-free seed potatoes. The National Center for Seeds and Seedlings (NCSS) has a role for the production of foundation seed potatoes and strictly manages the production in isolated fields that are treated thoroughly to control pests and diseases. Recently though the distribution of foundation seed potatoes is decreasing, the number of varieties of foundation seed potatoes has increased steadily. And new varieties of potato adapted various requirements, including resistance of the golden potato cyst nematode, have been increasing. Therefore, NCSS is introducing a new method of producing minitubers (MnTs) by using hydroponic cultivation greenhouse to increase the efficiency of propagation and to rapidly disseminate these new potato varieties. In this review, we describe a seed potato production system in Japan and the production of foundation seed potatoes as an important role of NCSS.

Adaptive evolution and demographic history contribute to the divergent population genetic structure of Potato virus Y between China and Japan

“…In this case, the selective agents may be habitat differences between the two countries such as differences in the potato cultivars grown and climatic conditions. The main potato cultivars grown in Japan include Irish Cobbler, May Queen, Kitaakari, Touya, Dejima, Nishiyutaka, Toyoshiro, Konafubuki, Northern Ruby, and Shadow Queen (Kawakami, Oohori, & Tajima, ). None of these cultivars are used in China.…”

“…None of these cultivars are used in China. In China, potatoes are grown over a much wider geographic area, ranging from a subtropical climatic zone in the south (e.g., Fujian) to a temperate continental climate zone in Northern China (e.g., Heilongjiang) using more diverse cultivars (Jansky, Jin, Xie, Xie, & Spooner, ), while in Japan, potatoes are mainly grown in the north (Kawakami et al., ).…”

“…This result is consistent with the potato cultivation of the two countries in the past decades. Potato acreage in Japan maintained stable over the last several decades (Kawakami et al, 2015) while increased in China from ~2.3 million hectares in 1980s to ~5.4 million hectares recently (http:// faostat.fao.org). The temporal scale of samples can impact the estimate of demographic dynamics (Drummond, Pybus, & Rambaut, 2003).…”

Behavior of biometric parameters clones for the obtaining of potato baby with pigmented flesh

“…Asimismo, aquellos métodos tienen procedimientos costosos (Rykaczewska, 2016). No obstante, la papa se propaga vegetativamente por medio de tubérculos, el material de plantación se llama "tubérculo semilla" y un tubérculo semilla puede producir aproximadamente 10 tubérculos de papa por planta (Kawakami et al, 2015). Siendo un número muy bajo.…”

Studies on microtuberization of five potato genotypes

“…Potato propagated by vegetative methods which transmit diseases and pests from generation to another causing the degeneration of seed quality (Struik and Wiersema, 2012). Around the world the means of in vitro culture and micropropagation is the milestone in potato seed production programmes (Ranalli, 1997, Allhloowalia, 1999, Struik & Wiersema, 2012and Kawakami et al, 2015. Minituber production in greenhouses is the intermediate step between in vitro multiplication and the normal seed in field.…”