Seed Oil Content, Yield and Fiber Quality Traits in Some Egyptian Cotton Genotypes

Abstract

This work was done at Sakha Agricultural Research Station,during 2018 and 2019 seasons.The aim was evaluating cottonseed oil content,yield and its components and fiber traits of some Egyptian genotypes to improve seed oil content with the other economic traits during selection of new promising crosses.Eighteen extra-long staple genotypes were planted in a randomized complete block design with four replications.Traits studied were:Boll weight,seed cotton,lint and seed yields,lint%,seed index,fiber fineness,strength,length,length uniformity index,seed oil content and seed oil index. Results indicated high level of variability among genotypes in all traits.Most of traits differed significantly from one year to another;genotypes x years interactions were significant for some traits.Genotypes were divided into four groups according to their oil content:high,moderately high, moderately low and low oil content.Phenotypic and genotypic variances showed wide variability in the studied traits, moderate PCV values were recorded for seed cotton, lint and seed yields, GCV showed low values in all traits, suggesting the difficulty of manipulating these traits through plant breeding. Heritability recorded high values for: lint%, fiber fineness and seed index. None of the studied traits showed high expected genetic advance under selection. Seed oil content and seed oil index showed positive significant correlation with seed index, fiber strength and length uniformity index, whereas correlation was significant negative with lint yield and lint%. The highest oil content was achieved by three genotypes "G.93 x [G.76 x (G.45 × sea Island)]", (G.93 x G.87) and Giza 92, the three genotypes might be used to improve oil content in Egyptian cottonseed.

Genetic Variability among Egyptian Extra-long Staple Cotton Genotypes for Some Economic Traits

“…These outcomes agreed with those reported previously which found significant variation within cotton genotypes in yielding ability traits as well as fiber traits in tetraploid upland cotton (Eswari et al, 2017;Sarwar et al, 2020;Darawsheh et al, 2022;Bhanudas et al, 2023;Yasar, 2023), and in the Egyptian cotton (Abdelmoghny et al, 2020;Amer et al, 2020;Eldessouky et al, 2021;Abdel-Aty et al, 2023;Yehia et al, 2023).…”

“…The remnant traits had various values of heritability along with low GS% indicating non additive gene action controlling these traits and proposing the powerless of simple selection for improving these traits. Our findings are in harmony with those previously obtained by Jarwar et al (2018), Shakeel et al (2018), Kumar et al (2019), Amer et al (2020), Gibely (2021) and Balarabe et al (2022).…”

“…To sum, h 2 b values estimated for most traits point to the slight environmental contribution to the total variance and heritability is mainly attributed to genetic factors. Many other works reported moderate to high h 2 b in cotton for various plant characters (Eswari et al, 2017;Kumar et al, 2019;Amer et al, 2020;Kumbhar et al, 2020;Gibely, 2021;Balarabe et al, 2022).…”

“…Consequently, assessment of the effects of different environmental conditions is indispensable to pick out cultivars with high-yielding potentials and supreme fiber properties. The effect of the growing seasons (years) on the various attributes of cotton plant was recorded and found to significantly vary from one year to another over the genotypes, which point out the diversified effects of the climatic factors predominant from planting to harvest on the mean performance of the estimated traits over the studied genotypes (Amer et al, 2020;Eldessouky et al, 2021;Yasar, 2023). Moreover, Darawsheh et al (2022) found greater effect for the year that was two to six times as compared to the environmental effect and they concluded that the year effect is deemed as remarkable source of variance in fiber quality traits in cotton.…”