Seed Morphological and Anatomical Structures as Taxonomy Tool for Turkish Hyacinthella Schur (Asparagaceae) Taxa

Abstract

This paper offers the first taxonomic assessment of the morphological and anatomical characters of the seeds of 11 Hyacinthella taxa from Turkey, ten of them are endemic, with the cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Macro-morphologically, all studied species can be differentiated from each other by the seed characters such as shape, size and surface ornamentation. The studied seeds are separated into 5 shapes; triangularis, circularis, ellipticus, ellipticus-late and ovatus. Seed size ranges from 1.51 mm to 3.06 mm in length and from 1.06 mm to 2.04 mm in width. Micro-morphologically, seed surface ornamentation is grouped into 7 types: rugose, reticulate-pusticulate, verrucate, tuberculate, ruminate, reticulate-foveate and alveolate. Anatomically, testa structures of the studied seeds are usually consisted of single layer, the epidermis, formed in the sclerenchymatous tissue. The epidermis layer demonstrates significant differences in cell form, comprising of crushed, flat or polygonal cells, in 1–7 layers, and has surged or straight wall form. The thickness of testa layers varies between 15.77 μm (in H. micrantha) and 49.76 μm (in H. campanulata). In the systematics of the genus Hyacinthella, the seed morphological and anatomical characters are very important characteristics that reveal inter-specific relationships among the studied species. Also, a dichotomous key is provided for the identification of the examined species based on seed characters.

Taxonomic significance of morphological and elemental characteristics of achenes of Artemisia genus from Turkey

“…In the genus, the most common achene ornamentation type is irregularly or regularly sulcate. Contrary to this study, reticulate or reticulate‐areolate surface ornamentation types have been commonly encountered among species from many angiosperm families (Eroğlu et al, 2021; Eroğlu et al, 2022; Erol et al, 2006; Karaismailoğlu, 2015a; Karaismailoğlu & Erol, 2018; Özbek et al, 2018). The ruminate (in A. abrotanum ), rugose (in A. chamaemelifolia ), favulariate (in A. arborescens ), alveolate (in A. santonicum subsp.…”

“…vanensis (tuberculate) taxa (Figure 2 and Table 3). Also, previous seed or fruit surface examinations have displayed that the types and arrangements of the anticlinal and periclinal cell walls are diagnostic features in the formation of inter‐taxa relations (Barthlott, 1981; Eroğlu et al, 2022; Karaismailoğlu et al, 2018; Özbek et al, 2018). The kinds of anticlinal and periclinal cell walls, and epidermal cell forms of the examined taxa disclose differences among taxa.…”

“…The investigates containing surface micro‐morphological features of the fruits in various plant families such as Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Boraginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Solanaceae offer taxonomically valuable information (Binzet & Akçin, 2009; Juan et al, 2000; Karaismailoğlu, 2015b; Karaismailoğlu & Güner, 2019; Karcz et al, 2005; Kaya et al, 2011; Khafagi et al, 2018; Özcan, 2004). Also, the significance and usefulness of SEM in solving taxonomic problems and in describing taxa have been emphasized by many researchers (Eroğlu et al, 2022; Heywood, 1971; Karaismailoğlu & Erol, 2018). However, there are few studies on the importance of achene micromorphology in the genus Artemisia (Abdel‐Hamid, 2020; Al‐Ajmi et al, 2021; Boyko, 2013; Vakulenko et al, 2020).…”

“…Güner, 2019;Karcz et al, 2005;Kaya et al, 2011;Khafagi et al, 2018;Özcan, 2004). Also, the significance and usefulness of SEM in solving taxonomic problems and in describing taxa have been emphasized by many researchers (Ero glu et al, 2022;Heywood, 1971;. However, there are few studies on the importance of achene micromorphology in the genus Artemisia (Abdel-Hamid, 2020;Al-Ajmi et al, 2021;Boyko, 2013;Vakulenko et al, 2020).…”

Taxonomic significance of morphological and elemental characteristics of achenes of Artemisia genus from Turkey

“…The investigates containing surface micro-morphological features of the fruits in various plant families such as Asteraceae, Umbelliferae, Chenopodiaceae, Boraginaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Brassicaceae, Lamiaceae, Solanaceae offer taxonomically valuable information (Juan et al, 2000;Özcan, 2004;Karcz et al, 2005;Binzet & Akçin, 2009;Kaya et al, 2011;Karaismailoglu, 2015b;Khafagi et al, 2018;Karaismailoglu & Güner, 2019). Also, the significance and usefulness of SEM in solving of taxonomic problems and in describing of taxa have been emphasized by many researchers (Heywood, 1971;Eroglu et al, 2022). However, there are few studies on the importance of achene micromorphology in the genus Artemisia (Boyko, 2013;Abdel-Hamid, 2020;Vakulenko et al, 2020;Al-Ajmi et al, 2021).…”