Seed longevity: Survival and maintenance of high germination ability of dry seeds

Rajjou, Loïc; Debeaujon, Isabelle

doi:10.1016/j.crvi.2008.07.021

Cited by 331 publications

(278 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…These studies further substantiate that PIMT proteins are distributed in various subcellular compartments to repair various target proteins that may be essential for preserving the longevity and high germination ability of seed. Apart from the repair mechanisms, seed possesses a broad range of systems like protection and detoxification to maintain seed vigor and longevity (Clerkx et al, 2004;Rajjou and Debeaujon, 2008). The accumulation of antioxidant components like tocopherols, tocotrienols, flavonoids, and a number of antioxidative enzymes was shown to be important in maintaining seed vigor and viability (Bailly, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROTEIN l-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE2 Is Differentially Expressed in Chickpea and Enhances Seed Vigor and Longevity by Reducing Abnormal Isoaspartyl Accumulation Predominantly in Seed Nuclear Proteins

et al. 2013

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PROTEIN L-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE (PIMT) is a widely distributed protein-repairing enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of abnormal L-isoaspartyl residues in spontaneously damaged proteins to normal aspartyl residues. This enzyme is encoded by two divergent genes (PIMT1 and PIMT2) in plants, unlike many other organisms. While the biological role of PIMT1 has been elucidated, the role and significance of the PIMT2 gene in plants is not well defined. Here, we isolated the PIMT2 gene (CaPIMT2) from chickpea (Cicer arietinum), which exhibits a significant increase in isoaspartyl residues in seed proteins coupled with reduced germination vigor under artificial aging conditions. The CaPIMT2 gene is found to be highly divergent and encodes two possible isoforms (CaPIMT2 and CaPIMT29) differing by two amino acids in the region I catalytic domain through alternative splicing. Unlike CaPIMT1, both isoforms possess a unique 56-amino acid amino terminus and exhibit similar yet distinct enzymatic properties. Expression analysis revealed that CaPIMT2 is differentially regulated by stresses and abscisic acid. Confocal visualization of stably expressed green fluorescent protein-fused PIMT proteins and cell fractionation-immunoblot analysis revealed that apart from the plasma membrane, both CaPIMT2 isoforms localize predominantly in the nucleus, while CaPIMT1 localizes in the cytosol. Remarkably, CaPIMT2 enhances seed vigor and longevity by repairing abnormal isoaspartyl residues predominantly in nuclear proteins upon seed-specific expression in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), while CaPIMT1 enhances seed vigor and longevity by repairing such abnormal proteins mainly in the cytosolic fraction. Together, our data suggest that CaPIMT2 has most likely evolved through gene duplication, followed by subfunctionalization to specialize in repairing the nuclear proteome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROTEIN l-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE2 Is Differentially Expressed in Chickpea and Enhances Seed Vigor and Longevity by Reducing Abnormal Isoaspartyl Accumulation Predominantly in Seed Nuclear Proteins

et al. 2013

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“…Three types of DNA damage under physiological conditions have been reported: hydrolysis of the N-glycosyl bond, hydrolytic deamination of cytosine to form uracil, and DNA damage by oxidation. The first two types of DNA damage are catalyzed by water, and therefore the last layers of water that interact with DNA need to be removed or decreased to prevent damage, and the third is mediated mainly by reactive oxygen species (ROS) (34,35). In Arabidopsis, some oligosaccharides accumulate very late during seed development and have been proposed as possible key factors in the acquisition of DT, acting as protective agents via a water replacement mechanism (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory network analysis reveals novel regulators of seed desiccation tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

González-Morales

Montes

Hayano-Kanashiro

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

108

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Desiccation tolerance (DT) is a remarkable process that allows seeds in the dry state to remain viable for long periods of time that in some instances exceed 1,000 y. It has been postulated that seed DT evolved by rewiring the regulatory and signaling networks that controlled vegetative DT, which itself emerged as a crucial adaptive trait of early land plants. Understanding the networks that regulate seed desiccation tolerance in model plant systems would provide the tools to understand an evolutionary process that played a crucial role in the diversification of flowering plants. In this work, we used an integrated approach that included genomics, bioinformatics, metabolomics, and molecular genetics to identify and validate molecular networks that control the acquisition of DT in Arabidopsis seeds. Two DT-specific transcriptional subnetworks were identified related to storage of reserve compounds and cellular protection mechanisms that act downstream of the embryo development master regulators LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 and 2, FUSCA 3, and ABSCICIC ACID INSENSI-TIVE 3. Among the transcription factors identified as major nodes in the DT regulatory subnetworks, PLATZ1, PLATZ2, and AGL67 were confirmed by knockout mutants and overexpression in a desiccationintolerant mutant background to play an important role in seed DT. Additionally, we found that constitutive expression of PLATZ1 in WT plants confers partial DT in vegetative tissues.regulatory network | desiccation tolerance | drought tolerance | seed development | oligosaccharides D esiccation tolerance (DT) can be operationally defined as the ability of an organism to dry to equilibrium with moderately dry air (50 to 70% relative humidity at 20 to 30°C) and then resume normal function when rehydrated (1). DT organisms orchestrate a complex number of responses to protect cellular structures and prevent damage to proteins and nucleic acids. Early land plants evolved mechanisms to survive harsh drying environments to successfully exploit different ecosystems on land. Therefore, it has been postulated that the initial evolution of vegetative DT, in both vegetative and reproductive stages, was a crucial step required for the colonization of land by primitive plants of a fresh water origin (2).Seed DT, a trait that allows terrestrial plants to survive long periods of sparse water until favorable conditions are present for germination, is probably part of the answer to Darwin's "abominable mystery," the sudden appearance of great angiosperm diversity in the fossil record. In angiosperms, DT is acquired at the seed maturation stage, which involves a complex regulatory network (3, 4) that activates a large subset of genes involved in a number of mechanisms that influence seed survival in the dry state. The set of genes required for seed DT includes genes encoding protective proteins such as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) (5, 6) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) (7), enzymes involved in scavenging reactive oxygen species (8) and the biosynthesis of protective compounds such as o...

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“…This treatment is presumed to mimic natural aging (Delouche and Baskin, 1973), while allowing considerably accelerates the seed deteriorations, which is convenient for quickly assessing the seed germination capability. Therefore, seed companies largely rely on this treatment as a prognosis for seed germination capability in stored seeds (Rajjou and Debeaujon, 2008). The procedure in rice is simple: seeds are placed in a chamber controlled at a temperature of 40°C and 95% relative humidity (RH%) for 10-14 days, and then germina-tion rate is scored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of QTLs for Seed Germination Capability after Various Storage Periods Using Two RIL Populations in Rice

Jiang

Lee

Jin

et al. 2011

Molecules and Cells

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Seed germination capability of rice is one of the important traits in the production and storage of seeds. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with seed germination capability in various storage periods was identified using two sets of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) which derived from crosses between Milyang 23 and Tong 88-7 (MT-RILs) and between Dasanbyeo and TR22183 (DT-RILs). A total of five and three main additive effects (QTLs) associated with seed germination capability were identified in MT-RILs and DT-RILs, respectively. Among them, six QTLs were identified repeatedly in various seed storage periods designated as qMT-SGC5.1, qMT-SGC7.2, and qMT-SGC9.1 on chromosomes 5, 7, and 9 in MT-RILs, and qDT-SGC2.1, qDT-SGC3.1, and qDT-SGC9.1 on chromosomes 2, 3, and 9 in DT-RILs, respectively. The QTL on chromosome 9 was identified in both RIL populations under all three storage periods, explaining up to 40% of the phenotypic variation. Eight and eighteen pairs additive × additive epistatic effect (epistatic QTL) were identified in MT-RILs and DT-RILs, respectively. In addition, several near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed to confirm six repeatable QTL effects using controlled deterioration test (CDT). The identified QTLs will be further studied to elucidate the mechanisms controlling seed germination capability, which have important implications for long-term seed storage.

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Seed longevity: Survival and maintenance of high germination ability of dry seeds

Cited by 331 publications

References 76 publications

PROTEIN l-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE2 Is Differentially Expressed in Chickpea and Enhances Seed Vigor and Longevity by Reducing Abnormal Isoaspartyl Accumulation Predominantly in Seed Nuclear Proteins

PROTEIN l-ISOASPARTYL METHYLTRANSFERASE2 Is Differentially Expressed in Chickpea and Enhances Seed Vigor and Longevity by Reducing Abnormal Isoaspartyl Accumulation Predominantly in Seed Nuclear Proteins

Regulatory network analysis reveals novel regulators of seed desiccation tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana

Identification of QTLs for Seed Germination Capability after Various Storage Periods Using Two RIL Populations in Rice

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