Seed Germination in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): A Review of Metabolic Pathways and Control Mechanisms

Cui, Jing; Lamade, Emmanuelle; Tcherkez, Guillaume

doi:10.3390/ijms21124227

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…This transport remains uncharacterized though. Fatty acyl-CoA esters produced by fatty acyl-CoA synthetase have been proposed as a form of transport [ 148 ]. Even though evidence is lacking, the hypothesis of a direct import of triacylglycerol possibly released in the extracellular medium surrounding the haustorium after collapse and breakdown of endosperm cells, followed by haustorium-located lipolysis, cannot be completely ruled out [ 141 , 149 ].…”

Section: Biological Functions Of Oils Stored In the Endospermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Control of Oil Metabolism in the Endosperm of Seeds

Miray

Kazaz

et al. 2021

IJMS

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In angiosperm seeds, the endosperm develops to varying degrees and accumulates different types of storage compounds remobilized by the seedling during early post-germinative growth. Whereas the molecular mechanisms controlling the metabolism of starch and seed-storage proteins in the endosperm of cereal grains are relatively well characterized, the regulation of oil metabolism in the endosperm of developing and germinating oilseeds has received particular attention only more recently, thanks to the emergence and continuous improvement of analytical techniques allowing the evaluation, within a spatial context, of gene activity on one side, and lipid metabolism on the other side. These studies represent a fundamental step toward the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms governing oil metabolism in this particular tissue. In particular, they highlight the importance of endosperm-specific transcriptional controls for determining original oil compositions usually observed in this tissue. In the light of this research, the biological functions of oils stored in the endosperm of seeds then appear to be more diverse than simply constituting a source of carbon made available for the germinating seedling.

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Section: Biological Functions Of Oils Stored In the Endospermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Control of Oil Metabolism in the Endosperm of Seeds

Miray

Kazaz

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…Germination was evaluated every thirty days for four months, being considered as germinated the seed with the developed germinative bud (Queiroz, 1986;Ferreira and Gentil, 2006;Ferreira and Gentil, 2017;Cui et al, 2020). The substrate (vermiculite) was sprayed with water after each germination count and before the bags were closed again aiming to maintain its moisture.…”

Section: Experiments 2 Germination As a Function Of The Stratification Temperature Of Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although high temperatures are necessary to overcome dormancy in warm stratification, the permanence of palm seeds at constant high temperatures may not be suitable for germination (Orozco-Segovia et al, 2003) and/or seedling development (Pérez et al, 2008). In these cases, germination corresponds to the formation of the germinative bud (cotyledonary petiole), while plant growth is part of post-germinative events (Cui et al, 2020).…”

Section: Experiments 2 Germination As a Function Of The Stratification Temperature Of Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High temperatures seem to have some effect in overcoming seed dormancy in some palm trees (Rees, 1962;Comont and Jacquemard, 1977;Carpenter et al, 1993;Fondom et al, 2010;Guerrero et al, 2011;Green et al, 2013;Schlindwein et al, 2013;Lima et al, 2014;Rodrigues et al, 2014;Ferreira and Gentil, 2017;Green et al, 2019). Some associations between high temperatures and the physiological effect on seed dormancy have been pointed out, such as the reduction in the concentration of abscisic acid in the embryo and endosperm (Finch-Savage and Leubner-Metzger, 2006;Jiménez et al, 2008), the alteration in the balance between abscisic acid and other plant hormones (Cui et al, 2020), and changes in sensitivity to plant hormones (Jiménez et al, 2008). According to Yan and Chen (2017), abscisic acid plays an essential role in the regulation of seed dormancy, and any suppression of its activity or changes in sensitivity to it, directly or indirectly, can cause changes in the states of dormancy and eventually lead to seed germination.…”

Section: Experiments 2 Germination As a Function Of The Stratification Temperature Of Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Germination of tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Mey.) as a function of thermal pretreatment and stratification temperature

2021

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Germination of tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Mey.) seeds is slow and although the removal of the endocarp favors the speed of the process, the time is still considered long. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different pretreatment and stratification temperatures on the germination of tucumã seeds. Two experiments were set up. The first experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design in a factorial scheme and seedling emergence was evaluated as a function of the pretreatment of diaspores at different temperatures (27, 30, 35, and 40 °C) during different periods (20, 40, and 60 days). The second experiment was also conducted in a completely randomized design and seed germination was evaluated as a function of seed stratification at constant (25, 30, 35, and 40 °C) and alternating temperatures (26 - 30, 26 - 35, and 26 - 40 °C). Germination decreased progressively in all tested periods as the pretreatment temperature increased. Seed stratification at different constant and alternating temperatures showed different results. The pretreatment of diaspores at different temperatures for different periods was not effective in overcoming the dormancy of tucumã seeds. Seed stratification at alternating temperatures, with the highest thermal amplitude (26 - 40 °C), favored the overcoming of dormancy and the germination of tucumã seeds.

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“…Although key metabolic pathways such as β-oxidation are common in germination of all oleaginous seeds including oil palm, palm seeds have unique attributes such as the involvement of the haustorium that digests the endosperm and eventually invades the seed (Cui et al, 2020). This involves important metabolic processes such as fatty acid transport and coenzyme A cycling.…”

Section: Integrative Omics For Understanding Oil Palm Seed Germinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omics Platform Technologies for Discovery and Understanding the Systems Biology of Oil Palm

Ramli¹

2020

JOPR

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Palm oil is the leading vegetable oil in terms of volume in the world market. Indonesia and Malaysia are the top producers and exporters of the commodity. The global production of palm oil reached 73.5 million tonnes in the period 2018/2019, up from approximately 70.5 million tonnes in 2017/2018. Oil palm is the most productive crop in the world being 10 times more productive than soyabean which produces only about 0.45 t oil per hectare. Nonetheless, the industry is continuously under pressure to improve productivity and sustainability. This will require concerted innovations across the entire palm oil supply chain and fully committed research efforts including upstream technologies to expedite crop improvement. At the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB), research efforts at development of tools for improving oil palm traits by genetic modification have been augmented more recently with omics-based approaches and all of these innovations are synchronised towards improved product quality. Omics is a multidisciplinary field encompassing genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics. Each of these fields provides an opportunity to understand and view oil palm biology from a global perspective, enabling accelerated discoveries for improved productivity and the development of new and improved varieties. An integrative omics approach promises great value in both phenotyping and diagnostic analyses. With the current technological capabilities, metabolomics is also being exploited for identifying unique chemical fingerprints to detect product contamination and adulteration in oil palm. This effort is actively being conducted in order to position the oil palm industry to meet and optimise the delivery of the highest quality oil with minimum environmental and social concerns. In this review, an overview is given on the current knowledge and progress made in oil palm research, focusing on the application of omics strategies and their integration with high-throughput technologies for oil palm crop improvement, development of geographical traceability system and ensuring that palm oil is free from residual oil contamination.

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Seed Germination in Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.): A Review of Metabolic Pathways and Control Mechanisms

Cited by 12 publications

References 67 publications

Molecular Control of Oil Metabolism in the Endosperm of Seeds

Molecular Control of Oil Metabolism in the Endosperm of Seeds

Germination of tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Mey.) as a function of thermal pretreatment and stratification temperature

Omics Platform Technologies for Discovery and Understanding the Systems Biology of Oil Palm

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