Seed extracts of Gleditsia triacanthos: Functional properties evaluation and incorporation into galactomannan films

Abstract

In this work, three different extraction procedures were performed in Gleditsia triacanthos seeds in order to obtain extracts that were characterized in terms of the yield of extraction, total phenolic content and antioxidant properties. The extracts have been shown to contain considerable amounts of phenolic compounds (between 4.93 and 12.34 mg galicacid g extract − 1) and antioxidant activity between 18.77 and 71.59%. Different concentrations of one of the extracts (extract presenting simultaneously the best values of total phenolic content, radical scavenging activity and the concentration of the compounds that caused a 50% inhibition of the radical scavenging activity) were incorporated into G. triacanthos galactomannan solutions and films were cast from these. A 2 2 full factorial design was done to evaluate the effect of the galactomannan and extract concentrations in film properties. Galactomannan concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.5% and extract concentrations ranging from 0 to 1.0%, were used and the evaluated film properties as: water vapour permeability, colour, total phenolic compounds content and antioxidant activity. This work has shown that G. triacanthos can be used not only as a source of galactomannan films suitable to incorporate antioxidant compounds for further application in the food industry but also as a source of the active compounds to be incorporated.

Edible film production from chia seed mucilage: Effect of glycerol concentration on its physicochemical and mechanical properties

“…The WVP values obtained in our study were lower than for other biopolymers films [including whey protein concentrate and CM composite films (0.620-0.678 g mm/kPa h m 2 , , Opuntia ficus-indica L. mucilage-based films (4.96 g mm/kPa h m 2 , Espino-Díaz et al, 2010), whey protein isolate and mesquite gum composite films (2.0 g mm/kPa h m 2 , Osés et al, 2009) whey protein and okra polysaccharide fraction composite films (2.9 g mm/kPa h m 2 , Prommakool, Sajjaanantakul, Janjarasskul, & Krochta, 2011)] but were comparable to galactomannan films (0.235 g mm/kPa h m 2 , Cerqueira, Souza, Martins, Teixeira, & Vicente, 2010), and higher than synthetic films [such as high density polyethylene film (HDPE) (0.0012 g mm/kPa h m 2 ) and polyester film (0.0091 g mm/kPa h m 2 ) (McHugh et al, 1993)]. The differences in results between edible films may be attributed to the hydrocolloid source and its proportion in the final film, film thickness used, as well as differences in test procedure.…”

The Physiochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Galactomannan Edible Film of Arenga Pinnata Incorporated With Zingiber Officinale Essential Oil

“…Extraction of GAP in neutral conditions was based on the method of a previous researcher with slight modification [7]. The result of this process has been published [6].…”

“…Based on our knowledge, only limited research exists about the characterization and application of galactomannan as EF and coating compared with other polysaccharides. However, current research on galactomannan has shown a new perspective about the properties and usage of galactomannan for EF and coating, based on the specific property of galactomannan solution which forms a viscous liquid with water even in low concentrations [7][8][9].…”

Investigating a galactomannan gel obtained from Cassia grandis seeds as immobilizing matrix for Cramoll lectin

“…The ability of galactomannans to form viscous solutions at relatively low concentration is their greatest advantage [17]. Furthermore aqueous solutions of galactomannan are basically neutral [35] and their viscosity is insensitive to pH variations (a broad range from 1 to 10.5); nevertheless some degradation may occur under highly acidic or alkaline conditions [7,35].…”

“…Galactomannans are used in food, pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, textile and paper industries. Many studies have reported the potential use of galactomannans as thickeners [5], part of mixed systems such as hydrogels [6], emulsion stabilizers in the preparation of films [7] and edible films themselves with enhanced barrier as well as mechanical properties that extend and improve food shelf-life [8,9]. It is also important to highlight the application of galactomannans in the cosmetic industry [10] and as matrix for immobilization of certain biomolecules [11][12][13][14].…”