Seed Dormancy in Velvetleaf

LaCroix, L. J.; Staniforth, David W.

doi:10.2307/4040721

Cited by 60 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…The formation of the sida seed blister probably corresponds to events previously described in other seeds (Christiansen and Moore, 1959;Dell, 1980;Hagon and Ballard 1970;La Croix and Staniforth, 1964).The heatinduced strophiolar plugs of Albizia lophantha (Dell, 1980) appear to similarly function in imbibition. The plug, an area of palisade, must be shed before the seed can imbibe water and germinate.…”

Section: C)supporting

confidence: 70%

“…Seed coat treatments-Since the chalazal area was implicated as a probable site of initial water entry into seeds of two other species of the Malvaceae, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.) (Christiansen and Moore, 1959;La Croix and Staniforth, 1964;Simpson, Adams and Stone, 1940;Winter, 1960), we investigated this area in prickly sida seeds. Cuticles and seed surface material over the chalazal area were removed by careful scraping with a dull probe.…”

Section: C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological Observations on the Early Imbibition of Water by Sida spinosa (Malvaceae) Seed

RNJr

1981

American Journal of Botany

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The chalazal area is confirmed as the site of initial water entry into prickly sida (Sida spinosa L.) seeds. Very early during imbibition of water, a kidney-shaped area of the seed coat separates from underlying cells forming a blister. This blister may also be induced in dry seeds (both afterripened and nonafterripened) when pressure is applied to the chalazal area. Blisters form more readily on afterripened seeds than on nonafterripened seeds, however, and the event is correlated with an increase in seed coat permeability to water. Immediately beneath the palisade layer of the blister lies a single layer of subpalisade cells. This layer is observed only in the region of blister formation. As the blister separates, the end walls of the subpalisade cells remain attached to the floor of the palisade layer. The subpalisade cells are thereby broken open, and their contents disgorged into the blister lumen. Evidence indicates that this separation of the palisade and subpalisade layers in the chalazal area initiates imbibition of water by prickly sida seeds.

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Section: C)supporting

confidence: 70%

Section: C)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Observations on the Early Imbibition of Water by Sida spinosa (Malvaceae) Seed

RNJr

1981

American Journal of Botany

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“…Physical dormancy in A. theophrasti regulates the permeability of the seed coat to water (Horowitz and Taylorson 1984;LaCroix and Staniforth 1964;Mulliken and Kust 1970;Warwick and Black 1988). Seed coat permeability has previously been linked to precipitation levels experienced by the maternal plant during the maturation and seed development phases of growth (Fenner 1991).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it remains unclear how small reductions in soil water content during seed maturation may influence the dormancy status of seeds produced. It is known that the pore near the chalazal opening is sensitive to seed moisture content and is responsible for some degree of dormancy regulation (LaCroix and Staniforth 1964).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most A. theophrasti seeds exhibit physical dormancy and as such cannot imbibe water unless the seed coat and/or chalazal opening are fractured Taylorson 1984, 1985;LaCroix and Staniforth 1964;Warwick and Black 1988). Bello et al (1995) reported that A. theophrasti plants grown at three monoculture densities in full sunlight from May to September in a 2-yr study in Ames, Iowa USA, produced seeds that were nearly 20% less likely to germinate (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Planting date effects on the germinability and seedling vigour of Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae) seeds

Nurse

DiTommaso

2005

phyto

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Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae) is a troublesome annual weed in many maize and soybean cropping systems of Canada and the United States. Seeds of A. theophrasti exhibit physical dormancy. Differences in the growing environment of parent plants may influence the germinability of seeds and vigour of seedlings produced by this species because of variation in resource allocation to seed development. Thus, the germinability of seeds and subsequent seedling vigour were examined for A. theophrasti plants grown in monoculture at a density of 4.2 plants m-2 under varying natural photoperiods in central New York State. Treatments were established by transplanting A. theophrasti seedlings on three dates: 15 May, 4 June, and 30 June 2000, which correspond to peak photoperiods of 15, 14, and 13 hours, respectively. Seeds produced under the shorter photoperiod (13 h) weighed, on average, 1.5 mg less than seeds produced under the longer photoperiod (15 h). Contrary to expectations, seeds of A. theophrasti that matured under shorter photoperiods had lower germinability (80%) than seeds produced under longer photoperiods (98%). Early radicle growth, a measure of seedling vigour, did not differ between the photoperiod treatments. Environmental conditions other than photoperiod (i.e. water availability) prevailing during the 2000-growing season may have influenced seed coat thickness and consequently affected the germinability of seeds.L’Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae) est une mauvaise herbe annuelle qui gêne la production du maïs et du soja dans plusieurs systèmes de culture du Canada et des États-Unis. Les graines de l’A. theophrasti possèdent une dormance physique. Des différences de l’environnement dans lequel croissent les plantes mères peuvent influencer la germination des graines et la vitalité des plantules de cette espèce à cause de variations dans l’affectation des ressources avant que les graines soient pleinement développées. Ainsi, la germination des graines et la vitalité des plantules qui en sont issues ont été étudiées pour l’A. theophrasti en monoculture à une densité de 4,2 plantes m-2 sous diverses photopériodes naturelles du centre de l’État de New York. Les traitements ont débuté par la plantation de plantules de l’A. theophrasti à trois dates, 15 mai, 6 juin et 30 juin 2000, qui correspondent respectivement à des photopériodes maximales de 15, 14 et 13 heures. Les graines produites avec la photopériode la plus courte (13 h) pesaient en moyenne 1,5 mg de moins que les graines produites avec les plus longues photopériodes (15 h). Contrairement à ce qui était prévu, les graines de l’A. theophrasti qui se sont formées lors des photopériodes les plus courtes avaient une germination plus faible (80 %) que les graines formées lors des photopériodes les plus longues (98 %). La croissance précoce de la radicule, une mesure de la vitalité des plantules, est restée la même pour les différentes photopériodes. Les conditions environnementales autres que la photopériode (c.-à-d. la disponibilité en eau) qui régnaient au...

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