Seed Disinfection, Mechanism of Liquid Seed Treatment

Lindström, Olle

doi:10.1021/jf60086a003

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Radioactive distribution studies reported earlier (9) According to the reported numerical estimates, the drop in disinfection efficiency associated with this distribution pattern is expected to be only a few per cent, comparison made with a hypothetical distribution /Q = 0 and A = 0. This is satisfactory and further improvement of the distribution, if possible, w'ould be of no practical value-e.g., reduction of disinfection efficiency with 2% in case of a lot of seed with 10% diseased kernels (A = 0.10) would reduce the healthy stand from 99.9 to 99.7% if the disinfection efficiency Z is assumed to be Z = 0.99 in the ideal case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The number of remaining disease centers at the time, ht, is obtained by integration of Equation 8. h, = h X e-c x » x 1 (9) The ratio between the number of disinfected disease centers at the time t, ho -h¡, and the initial number, h0, can evidently be regarded as the probability, (n)t, that one special disease center will become disinfected during the time t. { ), = ho ~-= 1 -• " '…”

Section: Kinetics Of Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutron activation analysis can also be used (70). Statistical treatment of data obtained by analytical methods gives a precise description of the fungicide distribution (9). The present paper relates the disinfection efficiency as observed in the biological tests w'ith the distribution pattern of the fungicide as evaluated physically and chemically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly the distribution of the active principle on the treated seed has become a matter of major interest. The distribution of the fungicide was determined by a radioactive tracer method in a recent study (9) of the mechanism of liquid seed treatment (Panogen process).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theory Distribution Parameters. When fungicide contents of single kernels of treated seed are plotted to give a frequency curve, normal distribution is indicated (9). (Actually inspection of very large samples shows that the distribution is slightly skewed.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Disinfection, Fungicide Distribution and Disinfection Efficiency in Seed Treatment

Lindström¹

1959

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Kinetics Of Disinfectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed Disinfection, Fungicide Distribution and Disinfection Efficiency in Seed Treatment

Lindström¹

1959

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Radiometric studies of mercury loss from fungicidal paints. 1. Loss of phenyl mercuric acetate

Taylor¹,

Tickle²

1969

J. Appl. Chem.

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Exposure tests have been made on paint films prepared from an emulsion paint containing phenyl mercuric acetate (PMA) labelled with 203Hg. Loss of mercury from the films has been followed radiometrically. Films exposed indoors in a confined space (no air circulation) showed little, if any, mercury loss for up to 8 months. Films exposed in the open laboratory lost from 20 to more than 60% of mercury after 250 days. This agrees qualitatively with the results of other workers on similar paints. At 50°, films lost mercury at rates about 10 times greater than those at ambient temperature. Films exposed out‐of‐doors lost the majority of their mercury after a few days of rain. Pre‐treatment of films, e.g. by u.v. radiation, had no effect on their subsequent outdoor behaviour. Even well‐dried films lost mercury at the same rate as newly applied films. Films with a low PMA content (0·02% Hg) lost mercury at a higher percentage rate than films with a high one (0·2% Hg). Thick films (0·002 in.) lost mercury at a lower rate than thin ones (0·001 in.). A mercury‐free top coat also reduced loss rate. All loss rates decreased with increasing time. These trends applied to all the exposure conditions studied. Mercury loss appears to be due to both volatilisation and dissolution of PMA and not to decomposition. The results indicate a non‐homogeneous distribution of PMA throughout the paint film, and a diffusion‐controlled process.

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The volatility of organo‐mercury compounds

Phillips¹,

Dixon²,

Lidzey³

1959

J Sci Food Agric

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The saturated vapour concentrations at 35" of 21 organo-mercury compounds have been determined by static and dynamic methods and the corresponding partial pressures derived. For 14 of these compounds, together with mercury and mercuric chloride, values at 25' and 45' have also been determined and the constants in the linear pressure-temperature relation calculated. Some correlation between chemical constitution and vapour pressure has been noted. IntroductionDespite their inherent toxicity, the good fungicidal and bactericidal properties of organomercury compounds have encouraged their widespread use in agriculture. To assess the inhalation hazard arising from the use of eradicant sprays and the dressing of stored seed, the clinical data on intrinsic toxicity must be supplemented with knowledge of the approximate volatility of each compound. Since the published vapour pressure data in this field are scanty, it was decided to determine experimentally the saturated vapour concentrations of as many of the organo-mercurials currently in use as could be obtained.Whereas grain is usually stored in a cool atmosphere and the bulk of fruit spraying in this country is over orchard crops, some fungicidal aerosols are employed in greenhouses, notably on tomatoes. Taking into consideration the English climate and the ventilation procedure

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Seed Disinfection, Mechanism of Liquid Seed Treatment

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Seed Disinfection, Fungicide Distribution and Disinfection Efficiency in Seed Treatment

Seed Disinfection, Fungicide Distribution and Disinfection Efficiency in Seed Treatment

Radiometric studies of mercury loss from fungicidal paints. 1. Loss of phenyl mercuric acetate

The volatility of organo‐mercury compounds

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