Seed Coating in Direct Seeded Rice: An Innovative and Sustainable Approach to Enhance Grain Yield and Weed Management under Submerged Conditions

Abstract

Dry direct-seeded rice is an alternative cropping technique that should require less water and labor than the classical method of transplanted-flooded rice. Weed competition is the major biological constraint in this resource-conserving production technique reducing the crop yield by 30–80%. This study evaluated the effects of different seed coating treatments on the performance of dry direct seeded rice under field conditions. The seed coating treatments used were preliminarily optimized under lab conditions. The rice seeds were coated with sodium lauryl sulphate (20:1), calcium peroxide (CaO2) (20:6), alginate (20:6), and plant growth promoting bacteria Bacillus sp. KS-54 (20:6 g:mL) on a dry weight basis. Among treatments, seed coating with CaO2 resulted in higher field emergence (85%) and suppressed the fresh and dry biomass of weeds at 15 and 35 days after sowing which subsequently improved the seedling growth of direct seeded rice followed by other treatments and the control. Rice seeds coated with CaO2 and Bacillus sp. KS-54 were effective at enhancing morphological, yield and yield related attributes as compared to other treatments and the control under field conditions. The better morphological attributes and yield of rice plants raised from seeds coated with CaO2 and Bacillus sp. KS-54 were associated with higher concentrations of reducing sugars and enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities.

Improving the Properties of Degraded Soils from Industrial Areas by Using Livestock Waste with Calcium Peroxide as a Green Oxidizer

“…Most investigations showed that seeds pelleting with calcium peroxide (CaO 2 ) promoted germination of rice and improved the plant growth [ 65 , 66 , 67 ]. It has been reported that seed rice ( Oryza sativa L.) coating with CaO 2 resulted in better germination, higher yield of rice plants (85%) and reduced mean emergence time of dry direct seeded rice [ 68 ].…”

Development of Hydrogels with the Incorporation of Raphanus sativus L. Seed Extract in Sodium Alginate for Wound-Healing Application

“…The control scaffold was neither attached to the CAM nor validated the development of new blood vessels. A similar study was described elsewhere [24,25]. Furthermore, it is an in vivo model of experimentation and is considered as an appropriate substitute to the conventional rodent experimentation, which requires complex experimental conditions and a longer time frame to achieve the results.…”

“…Swelling measurements of prepared hydrogels were performed in brine solution at 37 • C The three-molar solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) was prepared in distilled water. During the studies, the difference in the weight of dry (Wd) and wet (W) hydrogels was examined after intervals of 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, and 24 h, respectively [25].…”

“…The integration of bioactive fractions into substances of a polysaccharide nature and their efficiency as wound bandages have been measured many times in the literature [22]. In the present work, the seed extract of Raphanus sativus L. is incorporated with sodium alginate for making hydrogel [23][24][25]. The main focus of using both materials was to synthesize porous scaffolds so as to measure their activity in wound healing.…”

Enhancing Rice Yield and Weed Management in Direct Seeded Rice Using Ammonium Sulfate as Adjuvant with Lower Dose of Early Postemergence Herbicides

“…Direct seeded rice (DSR) produces a 5.33% higher yield and 25-50% low water use compared to the conventional method (Liu et al, 2015). Moreover, a significant reduction in paddy yield is often recorded due to greater operating costs in transplanting rice (Javed, Afzal, & Mauro, 2021;Juraimi et al, 2013). DSR is considered the optimal choice for higher rice yield with a lower cost of production .…”