Seed Coat Technology Affects Yields of Relay Intercrop, Full Season, and Double Crop Soybean in Upstate Missouri

Abstract

Soybean seeded [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] early into standing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using relay intercropping (RI) and seed‐coat technology may reduce mechanical damage and soybean interference to wheat. Field research at Novelty from 2003 to 2005 and Albany in 2004 evaluated effects of seed coat technology on wheat and soybean response, and gross profits of RI soybean using seed coat technology compared with selected full season (FS) wheat or soybean and double crop (DC) wheat‐soybean. Wheat grain yield in the absence of soybean was 10 bu/acre greater in narrow (7.5‐inch) than wide (15‐inch) rows. Relay intercropped Intellicoat (ITC) treated 5143 soybean delayed germination and increased 15‐inch wheat grain yields 8 bu/acre compared to non‐coated (NC) 5143. At Novelty, RI 5143 ITC yield was similar in all three years and 7 bu/acre greater at Albany than 5143 NC. In 2005, dry conditions in mid‐ to late June reduced RI stands and yields compared to DC soybean at Novelty. Double‐cropped 5143 NC soybean had greater gross profits than RI 5143 ITC when wheat and soybean prices were high. However, RI 5143 ITC gross profits were greater when soybean prices were high and wheat prices were low. The RI system using ITC maintained soybean yields and did not reduce wheat yields due to mechanical damage or soybean interference compared to non‐coated or fungicide‐only coating.

Spring-Interseeded Winter Rye Seeding Rates Influence Weed Control and Organic Soybean Yield

“…was nearly the optimal seeding rate for both wide-and narrow-row organic soybean yields (Figures 1 and 2), we performed additional economic analysis to evaluate the impact of various seed cost and soybean return scenarios (Figure 3) similar to other research [30,34,35]. As seed cost increased from $0.72 to $2.16 kg −1 , gross margins decreased from $85 to $185 ha −1 depending upon the row spacing.…”

“…Weed management costs were the sum of planting [$25.94 [32,33]. In addition, we tested the economic benefit of using different row spacings with spring-seeded winter rye at 67 kg ha −1 similar to other research [34,35]. We performed the test using the weed management costs above for different soybean seeding costs from $0.72 to $2.…”

Soybean Cultivar Response to Subsurface Drainage and Subirrigation in Northeast Missouri

“…Precipitation (Table 2) during the growing season was 12.6 inches below the 10‐year average (21.2 inches) in 2007 and 13.4 inches above the 10‐year average in 2008 (22). Plant population was similar among drainage water management systems (Table 4).…”

Corn Yield Response to the Solar Corridor in Upstate Missouri

“…A common challenge for this system is seeding soybean into wheat early enough to minimize damage to the wheat but late enough to cause only minimal damage to soybean during wheat harvest. Wide‐row wheat intercepted less photosynthetically active radiation and produced yields that were similar or less than narrow‐row wheat (Nelson et al, 2010a, 2010b). This indicates that more light exposure to lower leaves did not maintain or increase yields.…”

“…This indicates that more light exposure to lower leaves did not maintain or increase yields. Wide‐row wheat (38‐cm) and coated soybean seed was used to address these issues while maintaining yield potential of the wheat and soybean (Nelson et al, 2010a, 2010b). In upstate Missouri, dry conditions in mid‐June and interference between wheat and soybean crops still reduced soybean yields (Nelson et al, 2010a, 2010b).…”