Seed banks cause elevated generation times and effective population sizes of <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> in northern Europe

Lundemo, Sverre; Falahati‐Anbaran, Mohsen; Stenøien, Hans K.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04236.x

Cited by 69 publications

(119 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…This is evidenced by the observation that only about 66% of maximum LD is encountered in sampled microsatellite loci. Such levels are frequently found even in populations of the highly selfing model angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana (Lundemo et al, 2009) and does not necessarily imply very recent or frequent recombination within populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The narrow endemic Norwegian peat moss Sphagnum troendelagicum originated before the last glacial maximum

et al. 2010

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It is commonly found that individual hybrid, polyploid species originate recurrently and that many polyploid species originated relatively recently. It has been previously hypothesized that the extremely rare allopolyploid peat moss Sphagnum troendelagicum has originated multiple times, possibly after the last glacial maximum in Scandinavia. This conclusion was based on low linkage disequilibrium in anonymous genetic markers within natural populations, in which sexual reproduction has never been observed. Here we employ microsatellite markers and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA)-encoded trnG sequence data to test hypotheses concerning the origin and evolution of this species. We find that S. tenellum is the maternal progenitor and S. balticum is the paternal progenitor of S. troendelagicum. Using various Bayesian approaches, we estimate that S. troendelagicum originated before the Holocene but not before c. 80 000 years ago (median expected time since speciation 40 000 years before present). The observed lack of complete linkage disequilibrium in the genome of this species suggests cryptic sexual reproduction and recombination. Several lines of evidence suggest multiple origins for S. troendelagicum, but a single origin is supported by approximate Bayesian computation analyses. We hypothesize that S. troendelagicum originated in a peat-dominated refugium before last glacial maximum, and subsequently immigrated to central Norway by means of spore flow during the last thousands of years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The narrow endemic Norwegian peat moss Sphagnum troendelagicum originated before the last glacial maximum

et al. 2010

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“…Local estimates of N e , based on approximately 100 SNP markers in A. thaliana from Scandinavia, suggest that N e may be more commonly of the order of 250-2500 [87].…”

Section: Mutation and Driftmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing the effect size distribution of adaptive substitutions

et al. 2016

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The distribution of effect sizes of adaptive substitutions has been central to evolutionary biology since the modern synthesis. Early theory proposed that because large-effect mutations have negative pleiotropic consequences, only small-effect mutations contribute to adaptation. More recent theory suggested instead that large-effect mutations could be favoured when populations are far from their adaptive peak. Here we suggest that the distributions of effect sizes are expected to differ among study systems, reflecting the wide variation in evolutionary forces and ecological conditions experienced in nature. These include selection, mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and other factors such as the degree of pleiotropy, the distance to the phenotypic optimum, whether the optimum is stable or moving, and whether new mutation or standing genetic variation provides the source of adaptive alleles. Our goal is to review how these factors might affect the distribution of effect sizes and to identify new research directions. Until more theory and empirical work is available, we feel that it is premature to make broad generalizations about the effect size distribution of adaptive substitutions important in nature.

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“…In 2012, another survey was performed that identified seven new demes and found that nine demes identified in 2011 had disappeared because of human disturbance (five demes) or unknown causes (four demes; Supplemental Table S2). It is possible that some of the demes that were not reidentified in 2011 and 2012 may reestablish themselves from the soil seed bank if it remains intact, because seeds shed at least 3 years previously can remain viable (Lundemo et al, 2009;Picó, 2012;Falahati-Anbaran et al, 2014). In total, 44 demes detected in 2012 were sampled: 20 from coastal areas and 24 in adjacent inland areas (Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Coastal and Adjacent Inland Populations Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salinity Is an Agent of Divergent Selection Driving Local Adaptation of Arabidopsis to Coastal Habitats

et al. 2015

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Understanding the molecular mechanism of adaptive evolution in plants provides insights into the selective forces driving adaptation and the genetic basis of adaptive traits with agricultural value. The genomic resources available for Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) make it well suited to the rapid molecular dissection of adaptive processes. Although numerous potentially adaptive loci have been identified in Arabidopsis, the consequences of divergent selection and migration (both important aspects of the process of local adaptation) for Arabidopsis are not well understood. Here, we use a multiyear field-based reciprocal transplant experiment to detect local populations of Arabidopsis composed of multiple small stands of plants (demes) that are locally adapted to the coast and adjacent inland habitats in northeastern Spain. We identify fitness tradeoffs between plants from these different habitats when grown together in inland and coastal common gardens and also, under controlled conditions in soil excavated from coastal and inland sites. Plants from the coastal habitat also outperform those from inland when grown under high salinity, indicating local adaptation to soil salinity. Sodium can be toxic to plants, and we find its concentration to be elevated in soil and plants sampled at the coast. We conclude that the local adaptation that we observe between adjacent coastal and inland populations is caused by ongoing divergent selection driven by the differential salinity between coastal and inland soils.

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Seed banks cause elevated generation times and effective population sizes of Arabidopsis thaliana in northern Europe

Cited by 69 publications

References 93 publications

The narrow endemic Norwegian peat moss Sphagnum troendelagicum originated before the last glacial maximum

The narrow endemic Norwegian peat moss Sphagnum troendelagicum originated before the last glacial maximum

Factors influencing the effect size distribution of adaptive substitutions

Salinity Is an Agent of Divergent Selection Driving Local Adaptation of Arabidopsis to Coastal Habitats

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