Seed associated bacterial and fungal endophytes: Diversity, life cycle, transmission, and application potential

Samreen, Tayyaba; Naveed, Muhammad; Nazir, Muhammad Zulqernain; Asghar, Hafiz Naeem; Khan, Muhammad Imran; Zahir, Zahir Ahmad; Kanwal, Sehrish; Jeevan, B.; Sharma, D.R.; Meena, Vijay Singh; Meena, Sunita Kumari; Sarkar, Deepranjan; Devika, O. Siva; Parihar, Manoj; Choudhary, Mahipal

doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104191

Cited by 61 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Not all endophytes can exhibit specificity to their hosts, only a small percentage of endophytes can exhibit specificity through vertical transmission which is the process of endophytic fungi transmission from parent to progeny, with seeds being the initial inoculum of plant endophytes ( Links et al, 2014 ). The seed microbiome involves a narrow range of microbial species that have evolved through co-selection with their hosts, which provides specific conditions for plant growth and metabolism ( Truyens et al, 2013 ; Samreen et al, 2021 ). We found that S. alopecuroides has selected specific microbial community compositions, mainly Ascomycota, during long-term evolution ( Figure 3A ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation in endophytic fungi community diversity and bioactive compounds of Sophora alopecuroides

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Sophora alopecuroides L. is a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of several different disease states including bacillary dysentery and enteritis. But importantly, it also plays a role as an anti-tumor agent. That said, little is known about the role endophytes play regarding the clinically bioactive metabolites in S. alopecuroides. In order to explore the effects of endophytic fungi on the accumulation, quality, and correlation in the content of the medicinal compounds, the structural diversity of endophytic fungi in S. alopecuroides was analyzed. The relationship between endophytes and quinolizidine alkaloids (QAs), housed within the seeds of S. alopecuroides, which were interpreted based on established methods of high-throughput sequencing and high-performance liquid chromatography. A total of 1,034,418 effective sequence reads and 257 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from 33 samples which were sourced from 11 different sampling sites and further classified into 9 phyla, 20 classes, 45 orders, 85 families, and 118 genera. Ascomycota was found to be the dominant phylum of endophytic fungi in S. alopecuroides, with a relative abundance ranging from 60.85 to 98.30%. Alternaria, Cladosporium, Filobasidium, and an unidentified Ascomycota were the core-shared endophytes, accounting for 49.96, 27.12, 14.83, and 7.88%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the Simpson’s diversity index of endophytic fungal community in S. alopecuroides was significantly positively correlated with the Oxymatrine (OMA) content in different areas, while the Chao and Shannoneven indexes were significantly negatively correlated with OMA. The endophytic fungi of Alternaria were positively correlated with the content of OMA, Oxysophocarpine (OSC), and total QAs. This study has mastered the endophytic fungi resources of S. alopecuroides, explored potential functional endophytic fungi, and provided a scientific basis for using biological fertilization strategies to improve the quality of S. alopecuroides.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation in endophytic fungi community diversity and bioactive compounds of Sophora alopecuroides

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Plant seeds harbor complex and variable microbial communities that may be an important source of endophytic bacteria [11]. Most of the publications on seed endophytic bacteria have reported members belonging to Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seeds are as much an important plant organ as roots, leaves, and flowers, which have had to evolve in association with diverse microbial communities [11][12][13]. Previous studies 2 of 15 have reported that seed microbes may originate from the earliest stages of seed development on the parent plant and then are able to establish early in soil grown seedlings [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence has also indicated that vertical or seed transmission can significantly contribute to the plant microbiome [16,17]. Indeed, endophytic seed microbes have been previously shown to have potential to promote plant growth or control plant diseases [11,18,19]. Some examples of these bacteria are Bacillus, Enterococcus, Paenibacillus, and Methylobacterium, which were isolated from Eucalyptus species seeds [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria in Seeds of Dongxiang Wild Rice and Their Role in Plant-Growth Promotion

et al. 2021

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Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) germplasm is a precious resource for the improvement of agronomic traits in rice. Rice seeds also harbor a diverse endophytic bacterial community, and their interactions with their hosts and each other can influence plant growth and adaptability. Here, we investigated the community composition of cultivable endophytic bacteria obtained from the surface-sterilized seeds of Dongxiang wild rice and screened them for plant growth-promoting traits. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the 47 isolates were affiliated with five classes and 13 discrete genera, and Bacillus and Microbacterium predominated. Evaluations of plant growth promoting (PGP) traits showed that 45 endophytic bacteria isolates produced between 3.37 and 90.11 μg mL−1 of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), with the highest yield of 90.11 μg mL−1 (Fse28). Further, 37 of the isolates were able to solubilize mineral phosphate, while 28 other isolates had the ability of N2-fixation, 17 isolates possessed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity with the highest yield of 20.72 μmol mg−1 protein h−1 (Fse35), and 17 isolates were also able to produce siderophores. The two strains Fse28 and Fse35 had multiple PGP traits that significantly improved the agronomic traits (root length, shoot length, dry matter, and chlorophyll content) of cultivated rice seedlings. Our results illustrate the rich diversity of seed endophytic bacteria in Dongxiang wild rice and their potential for developing novel efficient bioinoculants to enhance soil fertility and favor seedling growth.

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“…52 Moreover, seeds are involved in the vertical reproduction of microorganisms and are the most primitive source of microorganisms in plant leaves. 53 Soybean and radish differ in the microbial structure at different developmental stages, and Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas are enriched during germination. The difference suggests that microbial communities with symbiotic-related functional shapes are likely to be selected for nutrient supply during germination.…”

Section: Sources and Composition Of Phyllosphere Microorganismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phyllosphere Microorganisms: Sources, Drivers, and Their Interactions with Plant Hosts

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2022

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The leaves of plants are colonized by various microorganisms. In comparison to the rhizosphere, less is known about the characteristics and ecological functions of phyllosphere microorganisms. Phyllosphere microorganisms mainly originate from soil, air, and seeds. The composition of phyllosphere microorganisms is mainly affected by ecological and abiotic factors. Phyllosphere microorganisms execute multiple ecological functions by influencing leaf functions and longevity, seed mass, fruit development, and homeostasis of host growth. A plant can respond to phyllosphere microorganisms by secondary metabolite secretion and its immune system. Meanwhile, phyllosphere microorganisms play an important role in ecological stability and environmental safety assessment. However, as a result of the instability of the phyllosphere environment and the poor cultivability of phyllosphere microorganisms in the current research, there are still many limitations, such as the lack of insight into the mechanisms of plant−microorganism interactions, the roles of phyllosphere microorganisms in plant growth processes, the responses of phyllosphere microorganisms to plant metabolites, etc. This review summarizes the latest progress made in the research of the phyllosphere in recent years. This is beneficial for deepening our understanding of phyllosphere microorganisms and promoting the research of plant−atmosphere interactions, plant pathogens, and plant biological control.

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Seed associated bacterial and fungal endophytes: Diversity, life cycle, transmission, and application potential

Cited by 61 publications

References 160 publications

Correlation in endophytic fungi community diversity and bioactive compounds of Sophora alopecuroides

Correlation in endophytic fungi community diversity and bioactive compounds of Sophora alopecuroides

Cultivable Endophytic Bacteria in Seeds of Dongxiang Wild Rice and Their Role in Plant-Growth Promotion

Phyllosphere Microorganisms: Sources, Drivers, and Their Interactions with Plant Hosts

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