SEE: a tool for the visualization and analysis of rodent exploratory behavior

Drai, Dan; Golani, Ilan

doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00022-7

Cited by 137 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The number of stops per trip did not change with the increase in arena size, in the various testing orders, or in the interaction between arena size and order. This constancy is in agreement with previous studies, where the number of stops per trip was shown to be relatively constant ( [5][6][7][8]10], and present results), representing an invariant intrinsic feature of exploratory locomotor behavior. Indeed, comparing the relative part of each arena in the total sum of the number of stops per trip revealed that this underwent minimal changes (Fig.…”

Section: Temporal Structuresupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The temporal (sequential) structure of locomotor behavior in voles reveals the same spatio-temporal organization that was described in wild and laboratory rats [9,11], and then suggested as applicable to various other species [5,6] including voles [7]. This similarity also accords with previous findings that open-field behavior in wild rodent species generally parallels that of laboratory and other domesticated rodent species [36].…”

Section: Temporal Structuresupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Voles were selected for this work for two reasons: (i) in order to expand previous findings in wild [8][9][10] and laboratory rats [5] to another rodent species and (ii) because voles are very active. The latter advantage of voles is crucial since the work with rats demanded either the rearing and taming of wild rats [8][9][10], or extensive handling and manipulating of laboratory rats [31][32][33][34] in order to achieve a level of activity high enough for this type of analysis.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While normal rats take the stops in different places and in varying sequential order, under amphetamine the locomotor behavior becomes progressively less flexible as follows: first, the number of stops in a trip decreases from 8-10 to 1-4; second, the rats tend to stop in the same few stopping places; and third, the sequential order of stops becomes more rigid, comprising 3-4 packages at low doses (0.5 mg/kg), and 1-2 packages at high doses (5 mg/kg) of amphetamine [10]. The conclusion of these studies is that the home-base, the stops and the trips are intrinsic features of locomotor behavior in the open field that highlight the structure of behavior and the changes it undergoes in genetic or psychophysiological preparations [5,6,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Open-field behavior withstands drastic changes in arena size

Eilam

2003

Behavioural Brain Research

130

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Individual voles were tested on successive days under increasing, decreasing, or randomly changing arena size. Locomotor behavior was adjusted to arena size by (i) preserving the same level of activity, (ii) taking longer but less frequent trips in smaller arenas in contrast to taking more frequent yet shorter trips in the larger arenas, and (iii) moving in the entire space available for exploration in the smaller arenas in contrast to remaining along the walls of the open field in the larger arenas. The effect of testing order was minimal, probably being related to increased novelty under increasing arena size, as opposed to habituation under decreasing arena size, when parts of the same area were re-explored. These behavioral changes averaged up to a two-fold difference compared with the larger six-fold change in the perimeter and 44-fold change in the area of the open field. The modest change in open-field behavior indicates that it has a solid spatio-temporal structure that withstands extensive environmental changes. This behavioral stability and consistency further validates studies of pharmacological, neurological, and genetic preparations that use behavior in a small open field as representation of the general pattern of behavior.

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Section: Temporal Structuresupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Temporal Structuresupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Open-field behavior withstands drastic changes in arena size

Eilam

2003

Behavioural Brain Research

130

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“…The aim was to validate the movement type measures nominated by Drai and Golani (2001) and the zone divisions that are employed as standard in our lab to measure exploratory behaviour. With regard to the latter, it should be noted that the exploration of exposed areas is widely used as a measure of anxiety, although there is little data in the literature indicating that this behaviour in the light/dark box, null maze and open field do indeed represent the same underlying behavioural trait.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying reliable traits across laboratory mouse exploration arenas: A meta-analysis

2012

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This study is a meta-analysis of 367 mice from a collection of behaviour neuroscience and behaviour genetic studies run in the same lab in Zurich, Switzerland. We employed correlation-based statistics to confirm and quantify consistencies in behaviour across the testing environments. All 367 mice ran exactly the same behavioural arenas: the light/dark box, the null maze, the open field arena, an emergence task and finally an object exploration task. We analysed consistency of three movement types across those arenas (resting, scanning, progressing), and their relative preference for three zones of the arenas (home, transition, exploration). Results were that 5/6 measures showed strong individual-differences consistency across the tests. Mean inter-arena correlations for these five measures ranged from +.12 to +.53. Unrotated principal component factor analysis (UPCFA) and Cronbach's alpha measures showed these traits to be reliable and substantial (32-63% of variance across the five arenas). UPCFA loadings then indicate which tasks give the best information about these cross-task traits. One measure (that of time spent in "intermediate" zones) was not reliable across arenas. Conclusions centre on the use of individual differences research and behavioural batteries to revise understandings of what measures in one task predict for behaviour in others. Developing better behaviour measures also makes sound scientific and ethical sense.

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Progression of basal ganglia pathology in heterozygous Q175 knock‐in Huntington's disease mice

Deng

Wang

Joni

et al. 2020

J of Comparative Neurology

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We used behavioral testing and morphological methods to detail the progression of basal ganglia neuron type-specific pathology and the deficits stemming from them in male heterozygous Q175 mice, compared to age-matched WT males. A rotarod deficit was not present in Q175 mice until 18 months, but increased open field turn rate (reflecting hyperkinesia) and open field anxiety were evident at 6 months. No loss of striatal neurons was seen out to 18 months, but ENK+ and DARPP32+ striatal perikarya were fewer by 6 months, due to diminished expression, with further decline by 18 months. No reduction in SP+ striatal perikarya or striatal interneurons was seen in Q175 mice at 18 months, but cholinergic interneurons showed dendrite attenuation by 6 months. Despite reduced ENK expression in indirect pathway striatal perikarya, ENK-immunostained terminals in globus pallidus externus (GPe) were more abundant at 6 months and remained so out to 18 months. Similarly, SP-immunostained terminals from striatal direct pathway neurons were more abundant in globus pallidus internus and substantia nigra at 6 months and remained so at 18 months. FoxP2+ arkypallidal GPe neurons and subthalamic nucleus neurons were lost by 18 months but not prototypical PARV+ GPe neurons or dopaminergic nigral neurons. Our results show that striatal projection neuron abnormalities and behavioral abnormalities reflecting them develop between 2 and 6 months of age in Q175 male heterozygotes, indicating early effects of the HD mutation. The striatal pathologies resemble those in human HD, but are less severe at 18 months than even in premanifest HD.

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SEE: a tool for the visualization and analysis of rodent exploratory behavior

Cited by 137 publications

References 51 publications

Open-field behavior withstands drastic changes in arena size

Open-field behavior withstands drastic changes in arena size

Identifying reliable traits across laboratory mouse exploration arenas: A meta-analysis

Progression of basal ganglia pathology in heterozygous Q175 knock‐in Huntington's disease mice

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