Abstract:Hall, A. M., Gordon, J. E., Whittington, G., Duller, Geoff A. T., Heijns, H. (2002). Sedimentology, palaeoecology and geochronology of Marine Isotope Stage 5 deposits on the Shetland Islands, Scotland. Journal of Quarternary Science, 17 (1), 51-67.New stratigraphical, palynological and dating evidence is presented for pre-Late Devensian/Weichselian sediments at Fugla Ness and Sel Ayre, Shetland. The Fugla Ness Peat rests on till and formed during an interglacial that saw the development of maritime heaths, wit… Show more
“…(Merritt et al, 2003). Intervening stadials in OIS 5b and 5d were cold in Scotland, with periglacial processes active at sea level (Hall et al, 2002). Full forest cover likely in OIS 5e.…”
“…(Merritt et al, 2003). Intervening stadials in OIS 5b and 5d were cold in Scotland, with periglacial processes active at sea level (Hall et al, 2002). Full forest cover likely in OIS 5e.…”
“…2A-F). Radiocarbon dates relating to deglaciation have done little to clarify the timing of glacial oscillations (Sutherland 1991), but recent uranium series disequilibrium and luminescence dates from Fugla Ness and Sel Ayre respectively appear to indicate that both localities preserve deposits of early or pre-Devensian age (Hall et al 2002) (Fig. 1).…”
Section: Previous Researchmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Inset shows North Sea context and proximity to southern Norway. Dates at Fugla Ness and Sel Ayre fromHall et al (2002).…”
Evidence relating to the extent, dynamics, and relative chronology of the last glaciation of the Shetland Islands, North Atlantic, is presented here, in an attempt to better illuminate some of the controversies that still surround the glacial history of the archipelago. We appraise previous interpretations and compare these earlier results with new evidence gleaned from the interpretation of a high resolution digital terrain model and from field reconnaissance. By employing a landsystems approach, we identify and describe three quite different assemblages of landscape features across the main islands of Mainland, Yell and Unst. Using the spatial interrelationship of these landsystems, an assessment of their constituent elements, and comparisons with similar features in other glaciated environments, we propose a simple model for the last glaciation of Shetland.During an early glacial phase, a coalescent British and Scandinavian ice sheet flowed approximately east to west across Shetland. The terrestrial landforms created by this ice sheet in the north of Shetland suggest that it had corridors of relatively fastflowing ice that were partially directed by bed topography, and that subsequent deglaciation was interrupted by at least one major stillstand. Evidence in the south of Shetland indicates the growth of a local ice cap of restricted extent that fed numerous radial outlet glaciers during, or after, ice-sheet deglaciation. Whilst the absolute age of these three landsystems remains uncertain, these new geomorphological and palaeoglaciological insights reconcile many of the ideas of earlier workers, and allow wider speculation regarding the dynamics of the former British ice sheet.
“…Such scalping of inner shelves by glacial erosion and during episodes of low sea level is apparent in the Upper Regional Unconformity off western Norway (Rise et al 2005). Mass transfer from Scotland may have been sufficient to induce isostatic rebound of the land area in response to Pleistocene erosion (Hall & Bishop 2002) and tilting towards North Sea depocentres (Løseth et al 2013) but also awaits further quantification.…”
Section: Glacial Erosionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 15Sites with MIS 5 and older sediments in Scotland: 1 = Fugla Ness (Hall et al . 2002); 2 = Sel Ayre (Hall et al . 2002); 3 = NW Lewis (Sutherland & Walker 1984); 4 = Inchnadamph (Lawson & Atkinson 1995); 5 = Caithness (Hall & Riding 2016); 6 = Dalcharn (Walker et al .…”
This paper reviews the changing environments, developing landforms and terrestrial stratigraphy during the Early and Middle Pleistocene stages in Scotland. Cold stages after 2.7 Ma brought mountain ice caps and lowland permafrost, but larger ice sheets were short-lived. The late Early and Middle Pleistocene sedimentary record found offshore indicates more than 10 advances of ice sheets from Scotland into the North Sea but only 4–5 advances have been identified from the terrestrial stratigraphy. Two primary modes of glaciation, mountain ice cap and full ice sheet modes, can be recognised. Different zones of glacial erosion in Scotland reflect this bimodal glaciation and the spatially and temporally variable dynamics at glacier beds. Depths of glacial erosion vary from almost zero in Buchan to hundreds of metres in glens in the western Highlands and in basins both onshore and offshore. The presence of tors and blockfields indicates repeated development of patches of cold-based, non-erosive glacier ice on summits and plateaux. In lowlands, chemical weathering continued to operate during interglacials, but gruss-type saprolites are mainly of Pliocene to Early Pleistocene age. The Middle Pleistocene terrestrial stratigraphic record in Scotland, whilst fragmentary and poorly dated, provides important and accessible evidence of changing glacial, periglacial and interglacial environments over at least three stadial–interstadial–interglacial cycles. The distributions of blockfields and tors and the erratic contents of glacial sediments indicate that the configuration, thermal regime and pattern of ice flow during MIS 6 were broadly comparable to those of the last ice sheet. Improved control over the ages of Early and Middle Pleistocene sediments, soils and saprolites and on long-term rates of weathering and erosion, combined with information on palaeoenvironments, ice extent and sea level, will in future allow development and testing of new models of Pleistocene tectonics, isostasy, sea-level change and ice sheet dynamics in Scotland.
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