Sedimentation rates, basin analysis and regional correlations of three Neoarchaean and Palaeoproterozoic sub-basins of the Kaapvaal craton as inferred from precise U–Pb zircon ages from volcaniclastic sediments

Altermann, Wladyslaw; Nelson, David R.

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(98)00034-7

Cited by 140 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…1) and represents the oldest part of the carbonate platform (2588 ± 6 Ma to 2549 ± 7 Ma; Altermann and Nelson, 1998). It is overlain conformably by a shale succession (Naute Shale Member) that correlates approximately in age to the Campbellrand Subgroup formations listed above.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ghaap Group in the Northern Cape Province of South Africa, comprises the Schmidtsdrif (2642 ± 3 Ma; Walraven and Martini, 1995) and overlying Campbellrand Subgroups with a combined thickness of >3000 m (Altermann and Siegfried, 1997), deposited in the Griqualand West preservational basin of the Transvaal Supergroup. The Campbellrand platform-carbonate formations, comprising successively from the base upwards, the Monteville, Reivilo, Fairfield, Klipfontein Heuwels, Papkuil, Klippan, Kogelbeen and Gamohaan Formations, persisted from 2555 ± 19 Ma to at least 2516 ± 4 Ma (Altermann and Nelson, 1998) and comprised tidal flat and shallow marine deposits. The upper Gamohaan Formation exhibits a progressive upward increase in subtidal carbonates, as transgression extended from southwest to northeast for a distance of over 400 km across the basin.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the carbonates of the Nauga Fm. are interpreted either as entirely basinal, deep water carbonates (Beukes, 1987) or as mainly peritidal deposits (Altermann and Herbig, 1991), but becoming subtidal and passing into a shelf facies towards the top of the succession (Altermann and Nelson, 1998). The Naute Shale Member, of up to 170 m thickness and with some chert beds of great lateral continuity, is succeeded by the famous, Paleoproterozoic Transvaal or Griqualand West BIF (comp.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These carbonates bear the best preserved and least controversial bodily preserved Archean microfossils (Lanier, 1986;Klein et al, 1987;Altermann and Schopf, 1995;Wright and Altermann, 2000). In particular, the >2588-2549 Ma (Altermann and Nelson, 1998) Nauga Formation bears the oldest morphological and geochemical evidence for cyanobacteria and their role as producers of widespread and copious, rock-forming, micritic carbonate (Kazmierczak and Altermann, 2002;Altermann and Kazmierczak, 2003;Altermann et al, 2006), preserved in non-silicified carbonate rocks, rich in organic matter.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mass occurrence of benthic coccoid cyanobacteria and their role in the production of Neoarchean carbonates of South Africa

Kaźmierczak

Altermann

Kremer

et al. 2009

Precambrian Research

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a b s t r a c tThe sparse Archean fossil record is based almost entirely on carbonaceous remnants of microorganisms cellularly preserved due to their early post-mortem silicification. Hitherto as an exception, sedimentary carbonate rocks from the Neoarchean Nauga Formation of South Africa contain calcified microbial mats composed of microbiota closely resembling modern benthic colonial cyanobacteria (Chroococcales and Pleurocapsales). Their remains, visible under the scanning electron microscope (SEM) after etching of polished rock samples, comprise capsular envelopes, mucilage sheaths, and groups of cells mineralized by calcium carbonate with an admixture of Al-K-Mg-Fe silicates. The capsular organization of the mucilaginous sheaths surrounding individual cells and cell clusters forming colonies and the mode of mineralization are the characteristic common features of the Neoarchean microbiota described and their modern analogues. The new findings indicate massive production of calcium carbonates by benthic coccoid cyanobacteria in the Neoarchean, and offer a solution to the problem of the origin of Archean carbonate platforms, stromatolites and microbial reefs.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Mass occurrence of benthic coccoid cyanobacteria and their role in the production of Neoarchean carbonates of South Africa

Kaźmierczak

Altermann

Kremer

et al. 2009

Precambrian Research

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“…In comparison, Precambrian sequences have not received due attention (but see Grotzinger, 1986a, b;Southgate, 1989;Altermann and Herbig, 1991;Drummond and Wilkinson, 1993;Altermann and Nelson, 1998). Causes of such cyclicity have been attributed to various autocyclic and allocyclic mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and oxygen isotopic variations in peritidal stromatolite cycles, Paleoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan basin of central India

Banerjee

Bhattacharya

Sarkar

2007

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences

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Contrasting Mesozoic evolution across the boundary between on and off craton regions of the South African plateau inferred from apatite fission track and (U‐Th‐Sm)/He thermochronology

et al. 2017

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The timing and mechanisms involved in creating the elevated, low‐relief topography of the South African plateau remain unresolved. Here we constrain the thermal history of the Southwest African plateau since 300 Ma by using apatite fission track (AFT) and (U‐Th‐Sm)/He (AHe) thermochronology. Archean rocks from the center of the Kaapvaal Craton yield AFT ages of 331.0 ± 11.0 and 379.0 ± 23.0 Ma and mean track lengths (MTLs) of 11.9 ± 0.2 and 12.5 ± 0.3 µm. Toward the southwest margin of the craton and in the adjacent Paleozoic mobile belt, AFT ages are significantly younger and range from 58.9 ± 5.9 to 128.7 ± 6.3 Ma and have longer MTLs (>13 µm). The range of sample AHe ages complements the AFT ages, and single‐grain AHe ages for most samples are highly dispersed. Results from joint inverse modeling of these data reveal that the center of the craton has resided at near‐surface temperatures (<60°C) since 300 Ma, whereas the margins of the craton and the off‐craton mobile belt experienced two discrete episodes of cooling during the Cretaceous. An Early Cretaceous cooling episode is ascribed to regional denudation following continental breakup. Late Cretaceous cooling occurs regionally but is locally variable and may be a result of a complex interaction between mantle‐driven uplift and the tectonic setting of the craton margin. Across the entire plateau, samples are predicted to have remained at near‐surface temperatures throughout the Cenozoic, suggesting minimal denudation (<1 km) and relative tectonic stability of the plateau.

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Sedimentation rates, basin analysis and regional correlations of three Neoarchaean and Palaeoproterozoic sub-basins of the Kaapvaal craton as inferred from precise U–Pb zircon ages from volcaniclastic sediments

Cited by 140 publications

References 50 publications

Mass occurrence of benthic coccoid cyanobacteria and their role in the production of Neoarchean carbonates of South Africa

Mass occurrence of benthic coccoid cyanobacteria and their role in the production of Neoarchean carbonates of South Africa

Carbon and oxygen isotopic variations in peritidal stromatolite cycles, Paleoproterozoic Kajrahat Limestone, Vindhyan basin of central India

Contrasting Mesozoic evolution across the boundary between on and off craton regions of the South African plateau inferred from apatite fission track and (U‐Th‐Sm)/He thermochronology

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