Sedimentary
            <i>Vibrio</i>
            Blooms in the Xisha Islands May Associate with the 2020 Coral Bleaching Event

Zhao, Wei; Chen, Leiran; Liu, Yan; Huang, Ke; Ding, Yonghua; Xiao, Jiaguang; Tian, Peng; Liu, Jiwen; Zhang, Xiao‐Hua; Niu, Wentao; Wang, Xiaolei

doi:10.1128/aem.00543-23

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…In addition, coral bleaching occurred in the Xisha Islands in 2020 may be another reason for the high Vibrio abundance [ 32 ]. Bleached corals release twice as much particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate nitrogen (PN) than normal corals [ 61 ], and coral pathogenic microbes may respond rapidly to these nutrient pulses [ 62 , 63 ]. It has been reported that vibrios usually can respond to fluctuations in nutrient concentrations and show a tendency of explosive reproduction [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 d). The 2020 coral bleaching event in the Xisha Islands may cause the increasements of coral pathogenic vibrios [ 63 ]. With high coral number, Vibrio in the Xisha Islands may be developed as the dominant group by influencing coral health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 b). The Xisha Islands face the problem of coral bleaching, and there is a close relationship between coral bleaching and Vibrio , perhaps causing a negative correlation of them [ 32 , 63 ]. Meanwhile, vibrios in Xisha Islands were driven by ecological drift, whereas that in Daya Bay was mainly influenced by ecological drift and homogenizing selection (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct coral environments shape the dynamic of planktonic Vibrio spp.

Zhao,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

Environmental Microbiome

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Background Coral reefs are one of the most biodiverse and productive ecosystems, providing habitat for a vast of species. Reef-building scleractinian corals with a symbiotic microbiome, including bacteria, archaea, viruses and eukaryotic microbes, are referred to coral holobionts. Among them, coral diseases, mainly caused by Vibrio spp., have significantly contributed to the loss of coral cover and diversity. Habitat filtering across the globe has led to a variety structure of marine bacterial communities. Coral species, quantity and characteristics are significant differences between the Xisha Islands and Daya Bay (Guangdong Province). Thus, the Vibrio communities may be distinct between coral rich and poor areas. Results Through comparison of Vibrio dynamics between coral-rich (Xisha Islands) and coral-poor (Daya Bay) locations, we uncovered differences in Vibrio abundance, diversity, community composition and assembly mechanisms associated with corals. The higher abundance of Vibrio in coral rich areas may indicate a strong interaction between vibrios and corals. V. campbellii, Paraphotobacterium marinum and V. caribbeanicus were widely distributed in both coral rich and poor areas, likely indicating weak species specificity in the coral-stimulated growth of Vibrio. Random-forest prediction revealed Vibrio species and Photobacterium species as potential microbial indicators in the coral rich and coral poor areas, respectively. Ecological drift rather than selection governed the Vibrio community assembly in the Xisha Islands. Comparatively, homogenizing selection was more important for the Daya Bay community, which may reflect a role of habitat filtration. Conclusion This study revealed the different distribution pattern and assembly mechanism of Vibrio spp. between coral rich and poor areas, providing the background data for the research of Vibrio community in coral reef areas and may help the protection of coral reef at the biological level. The main reasons for the difference were different number and species of corals, environmental (e.g., temperature) and spatial factors. It reflected the strong interaction between Vibrio and corals, and provided a new perspective for the investigation of Vibrio in coral reef ecosystem.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distinct coral environments shape the dynamic of planktonic Vibrio spp.

Zhao,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

Environmental Microbiome

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“…The information of coral thermal bleaching percentage was obtained and reanalyzed from coral reef survey in the 15–20°N regions (Hainan Island, Xisha Island, and Zhongsha Islands) of SCS in the coral thermal bleaching event of 2020 ( 136 – 138 ). The data set of coral reef surveys of 2020 was constructed by line intercept transect techniques (atoll: 5–15 m; fringing reef: 2–6 m) and Point Intercept Transect video re-sampling ( 66 , 139 , 140 ) according to our benthic surveys and previous studies ( 137 , 140 , 141 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The microbiome dynamics and interaction of endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and fungi are associated with thermal bleaching susceptibility of coral holobionts

Chen,

Wei,

et al. 2024

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The thermal bleaching percentage of coral holobionts shows interspecific differences under heat-stress conditions, which are closely related to the coral-associated microbiome. However, the ecological effects of community dynamics and interactions between Symbiodiniaceae and fungi on coral thermal bleaching susceptibility remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed the diversity, community structure, functions, and potential interaction of Symbiodiniaceae and fungi among 18 coral species from a high thermal bleaching risk atoll using next-generation sequencing. The results showed that heat-tolerant C3u sub-clade and Durusdinium dominated the Symbiodiniaceae community of corals and that there were no core amplicon sequence variants in the coral-associated fungal community. Fungal richness and the abundance of confirmed functional animal-plant pathogens were significantly positively correlated with the coral thermal bleaching percentage. Fungal indicators, including Didymellaceae, Chaetomiaceae, Schizophyllum , and Colletotrichum , were identified in corals. Each coral species had a complex Symbiodiniaceae–fungi interaction network (SFIN), which was driven by the dominant Symbiodiniaceae sub-clades. The SFINs of coral holobionts with low thermal bleaching susceptibility exhibited low complexity and high betweenness centrality. These results indicate that the extra heat tolerance of coral in Huangyan Island may be linked to the high abundance of heat-tolerant Symbiodiniaceae. Fungal communities have high interspecific flexibility, and the increase of fungal diversity and pathogen abundance was correlated with higher thermal bleaching susceptibility of corals. Moreover, fungal indicators were associated with the degrees of coral thermal bleaching susceptibility, including both high and intermediate levels. The topological properties of SFINs suggest that heat-tolerant coral have limited fungal parasitism and strong microbial network resilience. IMPORTANCE Global warming and enhanced marine heatwaves have led to a rapid decline in coral reef ecosystems worldwide. Several studies have focused on the impact of coral-associated microbiomes on thermal bleaching susceptibility in corals; however, the ecological functions and interactions between Symbiodiniaceae and fungi remain unclear. We investigated the microbiome dynamics and potential interactions of Symbiodiniaceae and fungi among 18 coral species in Huangyan Island. Our study found that the Symbiodiniaceae community of corals was mainly composed of heat-tolerant C3u sub-clade and Durusdinium . The increase in fungal diversity and pathogen abundance has close associations with higher coral thermal bleaching susceptibility. We first constructed an interaction network between Symbiodiniaceae and fungi in corals, which indicated that restricting fungal parasitism and strong interaction network resilience would promote heat acclimatization of corals. Accordingly, this study provides insights into the role of microorganisms and their interaction as drivers of interspecific differences in coral thermal bleaching.

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“…The dominant bacteria of different coral species are similar, which were distributed in Gammaproteobacteria , Alphaproteobacteria , Firmicutes [ 27 ], Bacteroidetes , and Actinobacteria . Coral bleaching may be attributed to the dominant Vibrio associated with corals [ 28 ]. In this study, seawater samples were collected near the coral reefs in the SCS, including Daya bay (DY), Qionghai (QH), Xisha islands (XS), and the Southern South China Sea (SSCS) during May to October 2020.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Culturable Bacteria from the Coral Reef Areas in the South China Sea and Their Agar-Degrading Abilities

Liu,

Yin,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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The South China Sea (SCS) is abundant in marine microbial resources with high primary productivity, which is crucial for sustaining the coral reef ecosystem and the carbon cycle. Currently, research on the diversity of culturable bacteria in the SCS is relatively extensive, yet the culturable bacteria in coral reefs has been poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the bacterial community structure of seawater samples among Daya Bay (Fujian Province), Qionghai (Hainan Province), Xisha Islands, and the southern South China Sea based on culturable methods and detected their abilities for agar degradation. There were 441 bacterial strains, belonging to three phyla, five classes, 43 genera, and 101 species, which were isolated by marine agar 2216E (MA; Becton Dickinson). Strains within Gammaproteobacteria were the dominant group, accounting for 89.6% of the total bacterial isolates. To investigate vibrios, which usually correlated with coral health, 348 isolates were obtained from TCBS agar, and all isolates were identified into three phylum, three classes, 14 orders, 25 families, and 48 genera. Strains belonging to the genus Vibrio had the greatest number (294 strains), indicating the high selectivity of TCBS agar for vibrios. Furthermore, nineteen strains were identified as potentially novel species according to the low 16S rRNA gene similarity (<98.65%), and 28 strains (15 species) had agar-degrading ability. These results indicate a high diversity of culturable bacteria in the SCS and a huge possibility to find novel and agar-degrading species. Our study provides valuable microbial resources to maintain the stability of coral ecosystems and investigate their roles in the marine carbon cycle.

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Sedimentary Vibrio Blooms in the Xisha Islands May Associate with the 2020 Coral Bleaching Event

Cited by 5 publications

References 96 publications

Distinct coral environments shape the dynamic of planktonic Vibrio spp.

Distinct coral environments shape the dynamic of planktonic Vibrio spp.

The microbiome dynamics and interaction of endosymbiotic Symbiodiniaceae and fungi are associated with thermal bleaching susceptibility of coral holobionts

Diversity of Culturable Bacteria from the Coral Reef Areas in the South China Sea and Their Agar-Degrading Abilities

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