Sedimentary differences between the 1993 Hokkaido-nansei-oki tsunami and the 1959 Miyakojima typhoon at Taisei, southwestern Hokkaido, northern Japan

Nanayama, Futoshi; Shigeno, Kiyoyuki; Satake, Kenji; Shimokawa, Kuniyasu; Koitabashi, Shigekazu; Miyasaka, Seigo; Ishii, Minoru

doi:10.1016/s0037-0738(00)00076-2

Cited by 269 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…It may be assumed that the cross-bedding is related to multiple flow reversals between the run-up and backwash of the three wave trains approaching the coastline during the 2004 tsunami event (e.g., Siripong, 2006). Cross-bedding is a common feature for onshore tsunami deposits, where it was widely used to indicate the hydrodynamic regime during the deposition (Dawson et al, 1996;Nanayama et al, 2000;Goff et al, 2001;Bahlburg and Weiss, 2007;Engel and Brückner, 2011). …”

Section: Identification and Features Of The Tsunami Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The distinction of tsunami deposits from those deposited by other high-energy events, such as storms or hurricanes, are still problematic, even for deposits on land (Nanayama et al, 2000;Kortekaas and Dawson, 2007;Morton et al, 2007;Switzer and Jones, 2008;Phantuwongraj and Choowong, 2012). Previous studies proved that a series of proxies must be applied, e.g., the geomorphological setting, sedimentary structures, microfossil assemblages and geochemical components (Goff et al, 2004Kortekaas and Dawson, 2007; 2004 1962-1965, 1972-1973, 1989 Occurrence ( Morton et al, 2007;Ramírez-Herrera et al, 2012;Chagué-Goff et al, 2011;Richmond et al, 2011.…”

Section: Comparison Of Tsunami Storm and Flash-flood Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Internal structure of event layers preserved on the Andaman Sea continental shelf, Thailand: tsunami vs. storm and flash-flood deposits

Sakuna-Schwartz

Feldens

Schwarzer

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Tsunami, storm and flash-flood event layers, which have been deposited over the last century on the shelf offshore Khao Lak (Thailand, Andaman Sea), are identified in sediment cores based on sedimentary structures, grain size compositions, Ti / Ca ratios and 210 Pb activity. Individual offshore tsunami deposits are 12 to 30 cm in thickness and originate from the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami. They are characterized by (1) the appearance of sand layers enriched in shells and shell debris and (2) the appearance of mud and sand clasts. Storm deposits found in core depths between 5 and 82 cm could be attributed to recent storm events by using 210 Pb profiles in conjunction with historical data of typhoons and tropical storms. Massive sand layers enriched in shells and shell debris characterize storm deposits. The last classified type of event layer represents reworked flash-flood deposits, which are characterized by a fining-upward sequence of muddy sediment. The most distinct difference between storm and tsunami deposits is the lack of mud and sand clasts, mud content and terrigenous material within storm deposits. Terrigenous material transported offshore during the tsunami backwash is therefore an important indicator to distinguish between storm and tsunami deposits in offshore environments.

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Section: Identification and Features Of The Tsunami Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison Of Tsunami Storm and Flash-flood Faciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal structure of event layers preserved on the Andaman Sea continental shelf, Thailand: tsunami vs. storm and flash-flood deposits

Sakuna-Schwartz

Feldens

Schwarzer

et al. 2015

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…11. Recent deposits from a tsunami that hit northern Japan in 1993 show landward imbrication of pebbles, as well as seaward imbrication, caused by run-up and backflow of the seawater, respectively (Nanayama et al, 1998(Nanayama et al, , 2000.…”

Section: East Beach: Field Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoarchaeological tsunami deposits at Palaikastro (Crete) and the Late Minoan IA eruption of Santorini

Bruins

MacGillivray

Synolakis

et al. 2008

Journal of Archaeological Science

168

134

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The explosive eruption at Santorini in the Aegean Sea during the second millennium BCE was the largest Holocene volcanic upheaval in the Eastern Mediterranean region. The eruption was disastrous for the Minoan settlements at Santorini, but the effect on human society in the neighbouring islands and regions is still clouded in uncertainty. Tsunami generation was suggested, but comparatively little evidence was found. The lack of firm tsunami traces is particularly puzzling in Crete with its coastal settlements of the Late Minoan IA period, during which the Santorini eruption occurred. Here, we report the discovery of extensive geoarchaeological tsunami deposits at Palaikastro in north-eastern Crete. These deposits are characterized by a mixture of geological materials, including volcanic Santorini ash, and archaeological settlement debris. Various tsunami signatures were identified: (1) erosional contact with the underlying strata, (2) volcanic ash intraclasts in the lower part of the deposit, (3) reworked building stone material in the lower part of the deposit, (4) individual marine shells, (5) marine micro-fauna, (6) imbrication of rounded beach pebbles, settlement debris, ceramic sherds and even bones, (7) multi-modal chaotic composition. Late Minoan human settlement activities at Palaikastro provided architectural and stratigraphic frameworks in space and time that recorded and preserved tsunami evidence as geoarchaeological deposits. Such stratigraphic resolution and preservation may not occur in the natural landscape. Volcanic ash transported by wind from Santorini south-east to Crete preceded the tsunami. Geological, archaeological and radiocarbon dating criteria all converge, indicating that the tsunami deposits are coeval with the Minoan Santorini eruption. Field evidence suggests that tsunami waves at Palaikastro were at least 9 m high. Inverse tsunami modeling was attempted, based on these newly discovered tsunamigenic deposits. The initial wave in the generation region at Santorini that best fits the stratigraphic data is a wave with þ35 to À15 m initial amplitude and a crest length of about 15 km.

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“…Worldwide tsunami impacts of the last century have been documented by many researchers (Heck, 1947;Iida et al, 1967;Nakata et al, 1993;Lander and Whiteside, 1997;NGDC, 2001and Shi et al 1995, Maramai et.al., 2005McMurtry et. al., 2004;Scheffers and Kelletat, 2003;Tappin et.al., 2001;Nanayama et. al., 2000;Clague et.al., 2000;Dominey-Howes et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Tsunami Heavy Mineral Distribution Between Cuddalore to Kanyakumari Along the Tamil Nadu Coast, India – A Review

Gandhi¹,

Solai²,

Kaveri³

et al. 2011

Tsunami - A Growing Disaster

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Sedimentary differences between the 1993 Hokkaido-nansei-oki tsunami and the 1959 Miyakojima typhoon at Taisei, southwestern Hokkaido, northern Japan

Cited by 269 publications

References 14 publications

Internal structure of event layers preserved on the Andaman Sea continental shelf, Thailand: tsunami vs. storm and flash-flood deposits

Internal structure of event layers preserved on the Andaman Sea continental shelf, Thailand: tsunami vs. storm and flash-flood deposits

Geoarchaeological tsunami deposits at Palaikastro (Crete) and the Late Minoan IA eruption of Santorini

Post Tsunami Heavy Mineral Distribution Between Cuddalore to Kanyakumari Along the Tamil Nadu Coast, India – A Review

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