Sedimentary and oceanographic responses to early Neogene compression on the NW European margin

Stoker, Martyn S.; Hoult, R.J.; Nielsen, Tove; Hjelstuen, Berit Oline; Laberg, Jan Sverre; Shannon, Patrick M.; Praeg, Daniel; Mathiesen, Anders; Weering, Tj.C.E. van; McDonnell, A.

doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2005.01.009

Cited by 72 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…We therefore suggest that horizon A3 is more likely of early Miocene age (19-17 Ma), when initiation of strong NCW fluxes (20-19 Ma; Wright and Miller, 1996) formed widespread erosional unconformities in the northern North Atlantic (Table 2) (McCave et al, 1980;Dingle et al, 1982;Miller and Tucholke, 1983;Masson and Kidd, 1986;McCave and Tucholke, 1986;Stoker et al, 2001) and drift accumulation at Bjorn and Gardar Drift started (Miller and Tucholke, 1983;Wright and Miller, 1996). This is in accordance to the development of the deep-water connection through the Faroe Conduit in early Miocene (Stoker et al, 2005) and the opening of the Fram Strait for a deep-water exchange of the Arctic Ocean to the Nordic Seas (Ehlers and Jokat, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Horizon A3 presumably represents also a sedimentary hiatus due to enhanced erosion. This onset of strong NCW fluxes follows the development of the Faroe Conduit in early Miocene (Stoker et al, 2005) and the onset of deepwater exchange at the Fram Strait (Ehlers and Jokat, 2013). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…1; Hansen and Østerhus, 2000). The Faroe Conduit developed in early Miocene and is suggested as the first true deep-water connection between the Nordic Seas and the Atlantic (Stoker et al, 2005). Sufficient subsidence of the GSR with first overflows at the distal eastern part of the GSR into the Rockall Trough (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settings and Drift Morphologymentioning

confidence: 98%

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A revised Early Miocene age for the instigation of the Eirik Drift, offshore southern Greenland: Evidence from high-resolution seismic reflection data

2013

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Geological Settings and Drift Morphologymentioning

confidence: 98%

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A revised Early Miocene age for the instigation of the Eirik Drift, offshore southern Greenland: Evidence from high-resolution seismic reflection data

2013

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“…Periodic inflow of the West Spitsbergen Current caused contourites to form on the lower continental slope off Svalbard in the time period between 1.7 and 1.5 Ma. Formation of contourites reflect present and past ocean current systems and are not restricted to glacial regions, but occur in a varity of high and low latitude geological settings Stoker et al 2005;Rebesco et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Fram Strait and the Greenland-Scotland Ridge (Fig. 1), which limit the Norwegian-Greenland Sea towards north and south, represent significant gateways that during their Miocene opening and subsidence (Engen et al 2003;Stoker et al 2005) influenced oceanic circulation and depositional processes on both regional and global scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cenozoic western Svalbard margin: sediment geometry and sedimentary processes in an area of ultraslow oceanic spreading

et al. 2011

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The northeastern high-latitude North Atlantic is characterised by the Bellsund and Isfjorden fans on the continental slope off west Svalbard, the asymmetrical ultraslow Knipovich spreading ridge and a 1,000 m deep rift valley. Recently collected multichannel seismic profiles and bathymetric records now provide a more complete picture of sedimentary processes and depositional environments within this region. Both downslope and alongslope sedimentary processes are identified in the study area. Turbidity currents and deposition of glacigenic debris flows are the dominating downslope processes, whereas mass failures, which are a common process on glaciated margins, appear to have been less significant. The slide debrite observed on the Bellsund Fan is most likely related to a 2.5-1.7 Ma old failure on the northwestern Barents Sea margin. The seismic records further reveal that alongslope current processes played a major role in shaping the sediment packages in the study area. Within the Knipovich rift valley and at the western rift flank accumulations as thick as 950-1,000 m are deposited. We note that oceanic basement is locally exposed within the rift valley, and that seismostratigraphic relationships indicate that fault activity along the eastern rift flank lasted until at least as recently as 1.5 Ma. A purely hemipelagic origin of the sediments in the rift valley and on the western rift flank is unlikely. We suggest that these sediments, partly, have been sourced from the western Svalbard-northwestern Barents Sea margin and into the Knipovich Ridge rift valley before continuous spreading and tectonic activity caused the sediments to be transported out of the valley and westward.

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Phosphorites, Co‐rich Mn nodules, and Fe‐Mn crusts from Galicia Bank, NE Atlantic: Reflections of Cenozoic tectonics and paleoceanography

González

Somoza

Hein

et al. 2016

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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A wide variety of marine mineral deposits were recovered from 750 to 1400 m water depths on Galicia Bank, Iberian margin. Mineral deposits include: (1) carbonate fluorapatite phosphorite slabs and nodules that replaced limestone and preserved original protolith fabric. (2) Ferromanganese vernadite crusts with high Mn and Fe (Mn/Fe = 1) contents, and thick stratabound layers consisting mainly of Mn (up to 27% MnO) and Fe (15% Fe2O3), which impregnated and replaced the phosphorite. (3) Co‐rich Mn nodules are composed of romanechite and todorokite laminae. Mn‐rich layers (up to 58% MnO) contain up to 1.8% Co. (4) Goethite nodules with Fe up to 67% Fe2O3 have low Mn and trace metals. We interpret this mineralization paragenesis to be related to major changes in oceanographic and tectonic regimes. Three phosphatization generations formed hardgrounds dated by 87Sr/86Sr isotopes as late Oligocene, early Miocene, and latest early Miocene. During the latest early Miocene, the hardground was fractured and breached due to regional intraplate tectonism, which was coeval with a widespread regional erosional unconformity. The stratabound layers and Co‐rich manganese nodules were derived from low‐temperature geothermally driven hydrothermal fluids, with fluid conduits along reactivated faults. During middle and late Miocene, the introduction of vigorous deep water flow from the Arctic generated growth of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts. Finally, growth of diagenetic Fe‐rich nodules (late Pliocene) was promoted by the introduction of hypersaline Mediterranean Outflow Water into the Atlantic Ocean.

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Sedimentary and oceanographic responses to early Neogene compression on the NW European margin

Cited by 72 publications

References 50 publications

A revised Early Miocene age for the instigation of the Eirik Drift, offshore southern Greenland: Evidence from high-resolution seismic reflection data

A revised Early Miocene age for the instigation of the Eirik Drift, offshore southern Greenland: Evidence from high-resolution seismic reflection data

The Cenozoic western Svalbard margin: sediment geometry and sedimentary processes in an area of ultraslow oceanic spreading

Phosphorites, Co‐rich Mn nodules, and Fe‐Mn crusts from Galicia Bank, NE Atlantic: Reflections of Cenozoic tectonics and paleoceanography

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