Sediment Properties for Assessing the Erosion Risk of Contaminated Riverine Sites. An approach to evaluate sediment properties and their covariance patterns over depth in relation to erosion resistance. First investigations in natural sediments (11 pp)

Gerbersdorf, Sabine Ulrike; Jancke, Thomas; Westrich, Bernhard

doi:10.1065/jss2006.11.190

Cited by 61 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It was shown that very wide ranges of concentrations [mg/kg] of Cd 3.50-1,140, Pb 58.0-1,260 and Zn 415-8,440 occurred, with the highest contamination found in its middle section, downriver from the Stola River mouth; similar to concentrations found in the Stola River sediments itself. Heavy metals accumulated in the sediments can be mobilized by leaching, and by erosion of contaminated sediment layers (Macklin 1996;Kern and Westrich, 1997;Gerbersdorf et al 2007). At the present, in many rivers, the remobilization of metals accumulated in the overbank sediments during historical periods can be observed.…”

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confidence: 97%

Contaminated sediments as a potential source of Zn, Pb, and Cd for a river system in the historical metalliferous ore mining and smelting industry area of South Poland

Aleksander-Kwaterczak

Helios-Rybicka

2008

J Soils Sediments

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Background, aim, and scope Elevated levels of heavy metals in the aquatic and soil systems can be caused by the weathering of mineralized rocks. This enrichment is often considerably enlarged by historical and current mining and smelting activities. In Poland, the most contaminated river systems are those in the Silesia region. The metalliferous ore mining and smelting industries have been the main sources of heavy metal pollutions over the last 100-170 years. The previous and present studies have shown very high concentrations of heavy metals in the bottom sediments of the Mala Panew River, the most polluted tributary of the Oder River. The main objective of this work was to study temporary changes of selected metal (Zn, Pb, and Cd) concentrations in upper layer of bottom sediments at the measuring point near the outlet of the Mala Panew River into the Oder River, and to determine the vertical distribution of the metals in the sediment cores from the most polluted middle part of this river. The mobility of the metals and their potential bioavailability were assessed based on metal partitioning in the sediments and metal concentrations in pore waters. The presented data were compared with metal concentrations in aquatic sediments from similar historical mining and smelting sites in Poland and other countries. Methods The upper layer of bottom sediment samples from the same Mala Panew River measuring point were collected six times in the period 1997-2005, while five sediment cores were collected once from the middle course of Mala Panew River in 2006. Abiotic parameters such as pH and Eh have been determined in situ. Metal contents were determined in the <20 and <63 μm size fractions of sediments after digestion in a microwave oven with aqua regia or concentrated nitric acid. Metal mobility was assessed in the selected sediment cores by the chemical forms of metals (sequential extraction method) and their concentrations in pore waters were investigated. Results The concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Zn in the upper layer of sediments varied, depending on both the season and the year of sampling. Their mean concentrations (from six samplings) are [mg/kg]: Zn 1,846, Pb 229 and Cd 73. The metal concentrations in the sediment cores varied with the depth in the range of [mg/kg]: 0.18-559 for Cd, 26.2-3,309for Pb and 126-11,153 for Zn, although the highest accumulations generally could be observed in the deeper layers. The most mobile metal fractions, i.e., exchangeable, carbonate and easily reducible fractions, are typical of Zn and Cd. Cadmium was found to be the most mobile metal and its relative contribution ranges from 84 to 96%, while in the case of Zn it ranged from 45 to 94%. Lead is mainly associated with the moderately reducible fraction (30-60%). Relative contributions of metal chemical forms slightly vary with the depth in the sediment profile. The results obtained for the pore water samples show very high concentrations of the metals studied, especially in the case of Cd (31-960 μg/dm 3 ) and Zn (300-4,400 μg/dm...

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confidence: 97%

Contaminated sediments as a potential source of Zn, Pb, and Cd for a river system in the historical metalliferous ore mining and smelting industry area of South Poland

Aleksander-Kwaterczak

Helios-Rybicka

2008

J Soils Sediments

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“…Many hydraulic, chemical, and biological mobilization processes may release older contaminants from the sediment into water column or groundwater, constituting potentially serious environmental hazards (Förstner 2004;Wildi et al 2004;Westrich and Förstner 2005;Gerbersdorf et al 2007). It has been demonstrated that contaminated sediments can be eroded during floods, dam failures, or other short-lived events (Haag et al 2001) and/or release toxic compounds in elevated concentrations on a long-term scale (Miller et al 1996;Hudson-Edwards et al 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Contamination history of suspended river sediments accumulated in oxbow lakes over the last 25 years

et al. 2008

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Background, aims, and scope Embankment of meandering river systems in many industrial areas results in the formation of artificial oxbow lakes that may act as perennial or intermittent traps for river sediments. Their deposits can be dated using a combination of historical and stratigraphic data, providing a good means to study historical records of contamination transported by rivers. Contamination history over the last few decades is of special significance for Central and Eastern Europe as it can reflect high pollutant levels in the second half of the twentieth century and the subsequent improvement after the fall of the Iron Curtain. The purpose of this study was to investigate recent sediments of an oxbow lake of the Morava River, Czech Republic, their stratigraphic records, sediment architecture, and history of contamination. Materials and methods Seven ground-penetrating radar (GPR) profiles and three sediment cores up to 4 m deep were studied. The stratigraphy of the cores was inferred from visible-light spectrophotometry, X-ray radiography, grain size analysis, and semiquantitative modal analysis of sandy fractions. The sediments were dated using the 137 Cs mass activity and combinations of stratigraphic and historical data. The cores were sampled for concentrations of heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants. Wet sampled, lyophilized, and sieved sediments were extracted and analyzed for heavy metals by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) of aqua regia leachate and for persistent organic pollutants by gas chromatography (GC-ECD and GC-MS). Results Three distinct sedimentary sequences (S1, S2, and S3) were identified. The basal sequence S1 represents river channel sediments deposited before the formation of the oxbow lake, most likely before the 1930s. The boundary between the S1 and S2 sequence correlates with the level of sediment dredging from 1981 evidenced from historical data. The overlying sequences S2 and S3 represent a postdredging sediment wedge, which progrades into the lake. 137 Cs dating revealed a distinct Chernobyl 1986 peak at ∼150 cm depth inferring sedimentation rates up to 7.7 cm/year. Sediment contamination abruptly increased from the pre1930s deposits to the post-1981 deposits. The concentration levels increased two to five times for Pb, As, Zn, and Cu, about 10 to 15 times for Cr, Sb, and Hg, up to 34 times for Cd, and 25 to 67 times for DDTs, PCBs, and PAHs. The concentrations of most contaminants remained approximately constant until the late 1980s when they started to decrease slowly. The decreasing trends

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“…However, the variable OC showed both positive and negative correlations with τ c (Equations (15) and (16)). However, for natural riverine environments, a positive correlation between OC and τ c has been reported as the inter-particle attraction forces are affected by the presence of organic matter in the natural soil (Gerbersdorf et al, 2007). In this study, OC was measured by the LOI method (at 550°C) for air-dried samples, which did not differentiate between living or dead organisms, fecal material, and the extracellular organic compounds.…”

Section: Correlation Pattern Of Significant Variablesmentioning

confidence: 87%

Relationships between physical‐geochemical soil properties and erodibility of streambanks among different physiographic provinces of Tennessee, USA

Mahalder

Schwartz

Palomino

et al. 2017

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Erosion of cohesive soils in fluvial environments is dependent on physical, geochemical and biological properties, which govern inter‐particle attraction forces and control detachment rates from stream beds and banks. Most erosion rate models are based on the excess shear stress equation where the soil erodibility coefficient (kd) is multiplied by the difference between the boundary hydraulic shear stress (τb) and the soil critical shear stress (τc). Both kd and τc are a function of soil properties and must be obtained through in situ field or laboratory testing. Many studies have generated predictive relationships for kd and τc derived from various soil properties. These studies typically were conducted in watersheds within a single physiographic region with a common surficial geology and/or investigated a limited number of soil properties, particularly geochemical properties. With widely reported differences in relationships between τc and soil properties, this study investigated differences in predictive relationships for τc among different physiographic provinces in Tennessee, USA. Erodibility parameters were determined in the field using a mini‐jet test device. Among these provinces, statistically four unique clusters were identified from a dataset of 128 observations and these data clusters were used to develop predictive models for τc to identify dominant properties governing erosion. In these clusters, 16 significant physical and geochemical soil properties were identified for τc prediction. Among these soil properties, water content and passing #200 sieve (percentage soil less than 75 μm) were the dominant controlling parameters to predict τc in addition to clay percentage (< 2 μm), bulk density, and soil pore water chemistry. This study suggests that unique relationships exist for physiographic provinces that are likely due to soil physical‐geochemical processes associated with surficial geology that determine minerology of the cohesive soil. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Sediment Properties for Assessing the Erosion Risk of Contaminated Riverine Sites. An approach to evaluate sediment properties and their covariance patterns over depth in relation to erosion resistance. First investigations in natural sediments (11 pp)

Cited by 61 publications

References 5 publications

Contaminated sediments as a potential source of Zn, Pb, and Cd for a river system in the historical metalliferous ore mining and smelting industry area of South Poland

Contaminated sediments as a potential source of Zn, Pb, and Cd for a river system in the historical metalliferous ore mining and smelting industry area of South Poland

Contamination history of suspended river sediments accumulated in oxbow lakes over the last 25 years

Relationships between physical‐geochemical soil properties and erodibility of streambanks among different physiographic provinces of Tennessee, USA

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