Sediment Microbial Diversity of Three Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents Southwest of the Azores

Cerqueira, T.; Pinho, Diogo; Froufe, Hugo J.C.; Santos, Ricardo S.; Bettencourt, Raúl; Egas, Conceição

doi:10.1007/s00248-017-0943-9

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…This result indicated that no strong environmental gradient drove the turnover of microbial communities in our sampling area. It is realized that temperature (Meyer et al 2013;Nunoura et al 2010), organic concentration (Mahmoudi et al 2015), metal composition (Cerqueira et al 2017) and reduction potential (Edlund et al 2008) are the common environmental factors driving community change in hydrothermal sediments. Considering the low density of hydrothermal vents and weak hydrothermal activities caused by the ultraslow spreading rate of SWIR, it is not surprising that the plume or fluids from distant active vents (about 40 km) ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To compare the community composition of Tianzuo field with other hydrothermal vent fields, we downloaded the sequencing data of biofilms or sediments in six hydrothermal vents located at Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Cerqueira et al 2017), Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge (Dahle et al 2015) and west SWIR ). The quality filter was processed following similar methods for our samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The microbial communities in the Tianzuo field were compared with those in hydrothermal vent fields along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (Menez Gwen, Lucky Strike and Rainbow vents) (Cerqueira et al 2017 and another inactive hydrothermal vent field of west SWIR . Sediments from Lucky Strike and Rainbow vents were far from active vents whereas sediments of Menez Gwen were close to an active vent.…”

Section: Specificity Of Microbial Communities In the Tianzuo Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhodospirillaceae and the OCS155 marine group and with the archaeal Marine Group I (Cerqueira et al 2017). Another study of a vent field along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge revealed that specific mesophilic, thermophilic and hyperthermophilic archaeal (e.g., Archaeoglobus, ANME-1) and bacterial (e.g., Caldithrix, Thermodesulfobacteria) taxa were highly abundant near the vent chimney (Cerqueira et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial diversity of sediments from an inactive hydrothermal vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge

Yang

Xiao

2019

Mar Life Sci Technol

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The Southwest Indian Ridge, which is the slowest-spreading of the main ridges, separates the African and Antarctic plates. The slow expanding rate is associated with less density of hydrothermal vent fields, shorter longevity of hydrothermal activity, cold mantle temperatures and thick lithosphere. However, the microbial communities adapting to such specific characteristics of this area have remained largely unexplored. To study the microbial diversity at the Southwest Indian Ridge, we sampled three sediment cores in a newly found inactive vent field, the Tianzuo field, and used high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes to reveal the microbial composition. Microbial communities of three sampling sites were very similar at the surface, and underwent a gradient change along depth. Gammaproteobacteria, namely Alteromonadaceae, Nitrosococcus and the JTB255 marine benthic group, were the most dominant bacterial taxa. Marine Group I was the dominant archaeal taxon in our samples. In addition, microbial populations capable of ammonia oxidation, nitrite oxidation, sulfur oxidation and manganese oxidation were detected to be the main chemolithoautotrophs. The enrichment of sulfur-oxidizing and manganese-oxidizing bacteria was observed in deep layers. When compared with other vent fields along different ocean ridges, the Tianzuo field showed distinct composition in both archaeal and bacterial communities. These results provide the first view of microbial communities of the Tianzuo field at the Southwest Indian Ridge, and give a better understanding of metabolic potential possessed by the microbial populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specificity Of Microbial Communities In the Tianzuo Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial diversity of sediments from an inactive hydrothermal vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge

Yang

Xiao

2019

Mar Life Sci Technol

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“…Increasing evidence now support the role of gills as a bone fide immune-responsive tissue in B. azoricus, consistent with a suitable study model for exploring molecular interactions involving host-endosymbiont-mediated immune recognition events and adaptation mechanisms to deep-sea hydrothermal vent environments. Such adaptation mechanisms are likely to be influenced by the microbial community composition surrounding the mussel beds at hydrothermal vents and therefore it is important to continue metatranscriptomic and metagenomic studies [79] from the gill-associated microbial diversity and surrounding hydrothermal vent sediments [80,81] in view of the broader ecological organization and evolutionary importance of animal-bacterial microbiomes in chemosynthetic-based ecosystems in the deep sea [82,83].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Insightful Model to Study Innate Immunity and Stress Response in Deep‐Sea Vent Animals: Profiling the Mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus

Bettencourt¹,

Barros²,

Martins³

et al. 2017

Organismal and Molecular Malacology

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Deep-sea environments are, in some cases, largely unexplored ecosystems, where life thrives driven by the geochemical features of each location. Among these environments, chemosynthesis-based ecosystems, in the Mid Atlantic Ridge, have an exclusive combination of high depth, high sulfur, and high methane concentrations. This is believed to modulate the biological composition of vent communities and influence the overall vent animal transcriptional activity of genes involved in adaptation processes to extreme environments. This opens, thus, the possibility of finding gene expression signatures specific to a given hydrothermal vent field. Regardless of the extreme physicochemical conditions that characterize deep-sea hydrothermal vents, the animals dwelling around the vent sites exhibit high productivity and thus must cope with toxic nature of vent surrounding, seemingly deleterious to the animals, while developing surprisingly successful strategies to withstand adverse environmental conditions, including environmental microbes and mechanical stress whether ensuing from animal predation or venting activity. The deepsea vent mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus has adapted well to deep-sea extreme environments and represents the dominating faunal community from hydrothermal vent sites in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, owing its successful adaptation and high biomasses to specialized exploitation of methane and sulfide sources from venting activity. Its extraordinary capabilities of adapting and thriving in chemosynthesis-based environments, largely devoid of photosynthetic primary production and characterized by rapid geochemical regime changes are due to symbiotic associations with chemosynthetic bacteria within its large gills. In an attempt to understand physiological reactions in animals normally set to endure extreme deep-sea environments, our laboratory has undertaken, for the last few years, a series of investigations, aimed at characterizing molecular indicators of adaptation processes of which components of the host defense system has received most attention. This study reviews recent advances on the characterization of molecules and genes participating in immune reactions, using in vivo and ex vivo models, to elucidate cellular and humoral defense mechanisms in vent mussels and the strategies they have adopted to survive under extreme environments.

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Metagenomic Signatures of Microbial Communities in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Sediments of Azores Vent Fields

et al. 2018

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The organisms inhabiting the deep-seafloor are known to play a crucial role in global biogeochemical cycles. Chemolithoautotrophic prokaryotes, which produce biomass from single carbon molecules, constitute the primary source of nutrition for the higher organisms, being critical for the sustainability of food webs and overall life in the deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems. The present study investigates the metabolic profiles of chemolithoautotrophs inhabiting the sediments of Menez Gwen and Rainbow deep-sea vent fields, in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Differences in the microbial community structure might be reflecting the distinct depth, geology, and distance from vent of the studied sediments. A metagenomic sequencing approach was conducted to characterize the microbiome of the deep-sea hydrothermal sediments and the relevant metabolic pathways used by microbes. Both Menez Gwen and Rainbow metagenomes contained a significant number of genes involved in carbon fixation, revealing the largely autotrophic communities thriving in both sites. Carbon fixation at Menez Gwen site was predicted to occur mainly via the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle, likely reflecting the dominance of sulfur-oxidizing Epsilonproteobacteria at this site, while different autotrophic pathways were identified at Rainbow site, in particular the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. Chemolithotrophy appeared to be primarily driven by the oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds, whether through the SOX-dependent pathway at Menez Gwen site or through reverse sulfate reduction at Rainbow site. Other energy-yielding processes, such as methane, nitrite, or ammonia oxidation, were also detected but presumably contributing less to chemolithoautotrophy. This work furthers our knowledge of the microbial ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal sediments and represents an important repository of novel genes with potential biotechnological interest.

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Sediment Microbial Diversity of Three Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents Southwest of the Azores

Cited by 27 publications

References 96 publications

Microbial diversity of sediments from an inactive hydrothermal vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge

Microbial diversity of sediments from an inactive hydrothermal vent field, Southwest Indian Ridge

An Insightful Model to Study Innate Immunity and Stress Response in Deep‐Sea Vent Animals: Profiling the Mussel Bathymodiolus azoricus

Metagenomic Signatures of Microbial Communities in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Sediments of Azores Vent Fields

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