Sediment diatom assemblages and composition of pore-water dissolved organic matter reflect recent eutrophication history of Lake Peipsi (Estonia/Russia)

Heinsalu, Atko; Alliksaar, Tiiu; Leeben, Aina; Nõges, Tiina

doi:10.1007/s10750-007-8615-2

Cited by 41 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…According to paleolimnological evidences, the eutrophication of L. Peipsi was escalated in 1970-1980s (Heinsalu et al, 2007). The eutrophication history is similar also for L. Võ rtsjä rv (Nõ ges & Jä rvalt, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Reaction of large and shallow lakes Peipsi and Võrtsjärv to the changes of nutrient loading

et al. 2007

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More than 20-year monitoring of Estonian rivers reveals that the loading of nitrogen to large shallow lakes Peipsi (3,555 km 2 , mean depth 7.1 m) and Võ rtsjä rv (270 km 2 , mean depth 2.8 m) decreased substantially in the 1990s. Phosphorus loading decreased to a much smaller extent than nitrogen loading. In L. Võ rtsjä rv both N and P concentrations followed the decreasing trends of loading, which show the high sensitivity of large shallow lakes to catchment processes. Our study showed a positive relationship between P content in sediments and the relative depth of the lake. Assumingly the resilience of a lake in responding to the reduction of nutrient loading decreases together with the decrease of its relative depth. In L. Peipsi the concentration of P has not decreased since the 1990s. Our data show indirectly that P loading from Russia to L. Peipsi may have increased. The N/P ratio has decreased in both lakes. Cyanobacterial blooms have been common in both lakes already at the beginning of the 20th century. The blooms disappeared during heavy nitrogen loading in the 1980s but started again in L. Peipsi in recent years together with the drop of the N/P ratio. In L. Võ rtsjä rv the N/P ratio is higher and the ecosystem is more stable although the share of N 2 -fixing cyanobacteria increased from the 1990s. Reappearing cyanobacterial blooms in L. Peipsi have caused fish-kills in recent years. In L. Peipsi summer/autumn fishkills during water-blooms are a straightforward consequence of reduced nitrogen level at remaining high phosphorus level while in L. Võ rtsjä rv the climatic factors affecting water level are more critical--at low water level winter fish-kills may occur. In L. Võ rtsjä rv nutrient loading has decreased and water quality has improved, present ecological status seems to be mostly controlled by climatic factors through changes of water level. The most important measure to improve water quality in L. Peipsi would be the reduction of phosphorus loading from both Estonian and Russian subcatchments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Reaction of large and shallow lakes Peipsi and Võrtsjärv to the changes of nutrient loading

et al. 2007

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“…The PCA PC2 suggested that NaOH-LMW-NRP derived primarily from OM (Table 3). Detailed investigation of sediment pore-water fluorescence properties in L. Peipsi showed that aquatic production in the lake increased during the second half of the twentieth century, resulting in a greater autochthonous OM supply to the sediments and a change in accumulated humic substances (Heinsalu et al 2007). Therefore, the whole NaOH-NRP can be influenced by humic substances in the sediments.…”

Section: Mobile Phosphorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pool of mobile and immobile phosphorus in sediments of the large, shallow Lake Peipsi over the last 100 years

Kapanen

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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Temporal variations in sediment phosphorus (P) composition and mobility were estimated in surface sediments of accumulation (core PS509 44 cm) and erosion (core PS2009 30 cm) areas of the shallow, large Lake Peipsi sensu stricto (s.s.; 2611 km(2), unregulated water level). The P pool in sediments including buried and mobile P is evaluated for the first time, which will provide baseline data for the future modelling of internal loading in L. Peipsi. Five sedimentary P fractions (including inorganic and nonreactive P) were separately quantified: loosely adsorbed and pore-water P (NaCl-P); redox-sensitive fraction P (NaBD-P); P bound to oxides of non-reducible Fe and Al (NaOH-P); calcium-bound P, mainly from apatite minerals (HCl-P) and refractory, mainly organic P (Res-P). Concentrations of P fractions varied during the 100 years with the highest values around 2007-2008 and 1923-1935. The P in "active" layers that are available for bacteria and algae or those undergoing changes and diagenetic transformations in the sediment could follow sediments with the water content of ∼88%. Potentially mobile P is not decreased in the sediments deposited 50-100 years ago and makes up ca 63 mg m(-2) y(-1) (with range 8.3-23.7% of the total P (TP)) in the accumulation area, and ca 0.047 mg cm(-3) (with range 1.3-22.4% of TP) in the erosion area. The result shows that 13-60% of TP contained in the surface sediment (from 34 to 398 mg P m(-2) y(-1)) has been remobilised during accumulation and could be exported to the overlying water.

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“…For the 210 Pb chronology, the CRS model (Constant Rate of Supply; Appleby et al, 1986) was applied. The methodology, results and reliability of the chronology are presented and discussed in detail in Heinsalu et al (2007).…”

Section: Sediment Coring and Datingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Lower panel) Age-related changes in the characteristics of pore-water dissolved organic matter (k-p). For comparison, the profiles of major sediment constituents (q, r) and lithology (s) (reprinted with permission from Heinsalu et al, 2007) are also shown. Abbreviations: Chl-Chlorophyll; Echi-Echinenone; ZeaZeaxanthin; Cantha-Canthaxanthin; pDOC-Pore-water dissolved organic carbon; M w and M n -Weight-average and number-average molecular weight, respectively; AI-Aromaticity index calculated as the ratio between absorbances at 250 and 365 nm (A 250 /A 365 ); LMW-Low molecular weight; MMW-Medium molecular weight; HMW-High molecular weight; OM-Organic matter; dw and ww-Dry and wet weight of sediments, respectively.…”

Section: Pigment Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The catchment consists of fertile soils; there are several municipalities with up to 200,000 inhabitants and numerous industrial establishments. The lake has been subjected to increasing anthropogenic inputs of nutrients from the 1950s onwards, as demonstrated by paleoecological analyses of diatom assemblages (Heinsalu et al, 2007). Monitoring data collected since the early 1960s reveal subsequent nutrient inputs and changes in the lake ecosystem (Nõges, 2001;Pihu & Haberman, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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History of anthropogenically mediated eutrophication of Lake Peipsi as revealed by the stratigraphy of fossil pigments and molecular size fractions of pore-water dissolved organic matter

et al. 2008

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We investigated stratigraphic changes in fossil pigments and the molecular structure of the UV-absorbing fraction of pore-water dissolved organic matter in a sedimentary record from Lake Peipsi (Estonia/Russia) temporally covering the 20th century. The aims of the study were to define the onset of eutrophication in the lake and to track its course. An attempt was also made to reconstruct lake conditions before the intensive nutrient loading began. Fossil pigment analysis indicated that the eutrophication of the lake started in the 1960s and accelerated in the 1970s. Sedimentary pigments also indicate a continuing tendency of the lake ecosystem towards eutrophy in the 1980s and 1990s. However, changes in the molecular size structure of pore-water dissolved organic matter indicated that the contribution of autochthonous matter to the organic pool of the lake ecosystem had already started to increase around the end of the 1930s. We conclude that this rise was generated by a coincidence of several anthropogenic and natural factors. The pore-water data also show that a slight relative reduction in the autochthonous organic matter took place in the 1990s. A discordance in the paleodata obtained for the beginning of the 20th century complicates clear conclusions about earlier conditions in the lake. On the one hand, the qualitative characteristics of porewater dissolved organic matter and the low concentration of chlorophyll a indicate that the phytoplankton biomass was low in Lake Peipsi during that period. On the other hand, the concentrations of marker pigments of specific phytoplankton groups are high, comparable with the values in the recent sediments. Possible reasons for the high levels of these pigments in the early 1900s sediments, such as a shift in the preservation conditions of organic substances and their transport from the lake's catchment, are discussed.

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Sediment diatom assemblages and composition of pore-water dissolved organic matter reflect recent eutrophication history of Lake Peipsi (Estonia/Russia)

Cited by 41 publications

References 26 publications

Reaction of large and shallow lakes Peipsi and Võrtsjärv to the changes of nutrient loading

Reaction of large and shallow lakes Peipsi and Võrtsjärv to the changes of nutrient loading

Pool of mobile and immobile phosphorus in sediments of the large, shallow Lake Peipsi over the last 100 years

History of anthropogenically mediated eutrophication of Lake Peipsi as revealed by the stratigraphy of fossil pigments and molecular size fractions of pore-water dissolved organic matter

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