Sediment deposition and overland flow hydraulics in simulated vegetative filter strips under varying vegetation covers

Zhao, Chunhong; Gao, Jianen; Zhang, Meng-jie; Wang, Fei; Zhang, Tong

doi:10.1002/hyp.10556

Cited by 34 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…; Zhao et al . ). In order to illustrate the effect of the change of plant diameter on the coefficient of flow resistance f , the change rate of f was calculated by interpolation and ratio analysis (Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…; Lieskovský & Kenderessy ; Zhao et al . ). Vegetation plays an important role in any ecosystem with a slope by preventing soil erosion, aiding the recovery of damaged aquatic environments and in providing nutritive material (Park et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Zhao et al . () found that the aboveground parts of vegetation that affect overland flow mainly involve vegetative stems. Plant roots can effectively reduce the sediment transportation capacity of water and reduce the effects of water and soil erosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetation is an important part of any ecosystem, especially those involving a slope (Gyssels et al 2002;Boer & Puigdef abregas 2005;Zhou & Shangguan 2007;Ding & Li 2016). The presence of vegetation on slopes helps to resist and slow the flow of water (Gabarr on- Galeote et al 2013;Lieskovsk y & Kenderessy 2014;Zhao et al 2015). Vegetation plays an important role in any ecosystem with a slope by preventing soil erosion, aiding the recovery of damaged aquatic environments and in providing nutritive material (Park et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results showed that the growth rate of vegetation and the shape of vegetation rhizomes had a significant effect on water resistance. Zhao et al (2015) found that the aboveground parts of vegetation that affect overland flow mainly involve vegetative stems. Plant roots can effectively reduce the sediment transportation capacity of water and reduce the effects of water and soil erosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of vegetation distribution pattern on overland flow

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2018

Water & Environment J

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Soil erosion is a major environmental problem. Vegetation, on the other hand, plays an important role in controlling soil erosion. The goal of the study is to examine the effects of the distribution pattern of vegetation on water flow. The vegetation parameters involved included the direction of plant rows, plant stem diameter and row spacing. To study how vegetation affects the flow of water on slopes, flume simulation experiments were conducted using three different plant row directions, three different plant diameters and three row spacing. Experimental slope is fixed, slope ratio of 1.0%. The hydraulic characteristics of the slope under the three vegetation distribution patterns are explored. The results showed that the pattern of vegetation distribution significantly affected the resistance of vegetation to water flow and pattern on this slope. When the angle (θ) between plant row and water flow directions decreased, the plant diameter (d) increased, or the row spacing (a × a) decreased, the Darcy–Weisbach resistance coefficient (f) for water flow became larger. Simultaneously, the Reynolds and Froude numbers (Re and Fr) both became smaller. In experimental procedure condition, the change rate of f, Re and Fr were analysed by linear regression, the θ decreased every 10°, the average increase rate of f was 6.6%, the average decrease rate of Re and Fr were 2.0 and 3.0%. The d increased every 0.001 m, the average increase rate of f was 41.6%, the average decrease rate of Re and Fr were 11.2 and 12.2%. The a × a decreased every 0.01 m, the average increase rate of f was 45.2%, the average decrease rate of Re and Fr were 11.7 and 10.7%. The flow depth h increased every 0.01 m, the average increase rate of f and Re were 13.6 and 25.2%, and the average decrease rate of Fr was 10.4%. The experimental procedure results will be valuable for not only revealing the hydraulic characteristics of flow over vegetation land, but also the optimisation of the distribution of vegetation on a slope.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of vegetation distribution pattern on overland flow

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2018

Water & Environment J

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The role of near‐surface vegetation in modulating overland flow resistance in grasslands of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Wang,

Yang,

Wang

et al. 2024

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Vegetation restoration significantly increases overland flow resistance and decreases soil erosion. The cause of soil erosion is unknown, though grain resistance and form resistance are frequently confused with the overall overland flow resistance. The zonal specie of Bothriochloa ischcemum (Linn.). Keng (BI) and the dominant specie of Artemisia vestita Wall. ex Bess (AG) were selected to investigate the effect of vegetation near soil surface characteristics derived by vegetation restoration on overland flow resistance of grain resistance and form resistance. In total, 24 steel tanks were planted at six planting densities of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 plants m−2, and two tanks were used as bare soil controls. Their hydraulic characteristics were tested under a constant rainfall intensity (60 mm h−1) on a 26.2% slope. The results showed that the grain resistance (fg) and form resistance (ff) ranged from 0.06 to 0.35 and 18.01 to 95.77 under six planting densities. Vegetation increased overland flow resistance by more than 90%, which was mainly attributed to ff. Vegetation near soil surface factors of the aboveground part, biological soil crusts, and root collar increased ff by 18.71 to 82.13, 0.74 to 11.50, and 1.61 to 3.40, respectively. Compared with BI, the mean value of fg in AG was 48.87% lower, whereas the mean value of ff was 1.36 times greater. The fg decreased with soil organic matter as a power function. The ff decreased with the Reynolds number, Froude number, and flow velocity and increased with vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, and root collar area as power functions. Soil properties explained the majority of the variation in fg, and near the vegetation soil surface factors explained the majority of the variation in ff. Finally, ff was simulated using the Reynolds number, vegetation coverage, and root collar area. In addition, a simulation equation for the total flow resistance was established by distinguishing the grain resistance and the form resistance, and the performance of the model developed in this study was satisfactory (NSE = 0.97).

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Sediment deposition characteristics in shallow saturation excess overland flow for urban Stormwater applications

Wells

Wilson

2022

Hydrological Processes

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Over the last several decades, urban stormwater management has grown to include green infrastructure, such as bioswales. However, little is known about the fate of particulate contaminants after depositing in bioswales and similar systems, in part due to limited understanding of sediment transport dynamics in the shallow (water depths comparable to bed roughness height), near‐saturated flow conditions typical of such systems. To better understand the sediment deposition characteristics, a flume study was performed with natural sediment and flow characteristics similar to those encountered in bioswales. A fluorescent, paramagnetic sediment tracer was used to mimic silt sized particles carried by stormwater flows, and a photographic hood was used to image the tracers deposited on the flume surface after subsequent pulses of tracer slurry, where the image intensity was established to be a reliable proxy for surface tracer concentration. These data were analysed to calculate the sediment trapping efficiency, that is, the rate of sediment deposition onto the soil surface per unit time, and samples of the flume effluent were collected to provide an independent mass balance of the deposited tracer. Experimentally determined sediment trapping efficiencies were found to decrease with increasing bed slope angle, which indicates soils at greater bed slopes will be less capable of retaining particulate‐associated contaminants, and were found to decrease over time as the soil surface became saturated with fine particles. These trapping efficiencies were also compared with mathematical models from the literature, augmented with a formula representing the observed surface‐saturation effect. The results of this study can lead to the development of more realistic models for predicting the removal performance of current stormwater remediation designs in regard to fine sediment associated contaminants.

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Sediment deposition and overland flow hydraulics in simulated vegetative filter strips under varying vegetation covers

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

The effects of vegetation distribution pattern on overland flow

The effects of vegetation distribution pattern on overland flow

The role of near‐surface vegetation in modulating overland flow resistance in grasslands of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Sediment deposition characteristics in shallow saturation excess overland flow for urban Stormwater applications

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