Sediment and phosphorus export from a lowland catchment: Quantification of sources

Kronvang, Brian; Grant, Ruth; Laubel, A.

doi:10.1007/bf02406886

Cited by 41 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nutrient sources, pathways and sinks are strongly influenced by the catchment character, hydrology and anthropogenic inputs. Most important processes of transfer are in general driven by infiltration via macropores (Bundt, 2000;Heathwaite and Dils, 2000), drainage, interflow and groundwater runoff (Kronvang et al, 1997;Pudenz, 1998;Chapman, 2001;Jonge et al, 2004), biological turnover in waters (Boulton et al, 1998;Jin et al, 2007) and nutrient inputs from point sources. Nitrogen fluxes in waters are determined by spatial and temporal dynamic described by the concept of nutrient spiraling (Stream Solute Workshop, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of long term nitrogen retention in surface waters

2010

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Abstract. In order to derive measures to reduce nutrient loadings into waters in Saxony, we calculated nitrogen inputs with the model STOFFBILANZ on the regional scale. Thereby we have to compare our modelling results to measured loadings at the river basin outlets, considering long term nutrient retention in surface waters. The most important mechanism of nitrogen retention is the denitrification in the contact zone of water and sediment, being controlled by hydraulic and micro-biological processes. Retention capacity is derived on the basis of the nutrient spiralling concept, using water residence time (hydraulic aspect) and time-specific N-uptake by microorganisms (biological aspect). Short time related processes of mobilization and immobilization are neglected, because they are of minor importance for the derivation of measures on the regional scale.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of long term nitrogen retention in surface waters

2010

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“…Numerous efforts have been made to identify and quantify the various sources of phosphorus pollution in watersheds (eg. DeWolfe et al, 2004;Kronvang et al, 1997;Sharpley and Syers, 1979). Recent evidence has made it increasingly clear that bank and bed erosion may be a significant source of particulate phosphorus loading to streams, accounting for between 10% (Sekely et al, 2002) and 40% (Howe et al, 2011) of the total phosphorus load in an individual watershed.…”

Section: Phosphorus Loading and Bank Erosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty and sensitivity in a bank stability model: implications for estimating phosphorus loading

Lammers

Bledsoe

Langendoen

2016

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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UNCERTAINTY AND SENSITIVITY IN A BANK STABILITY MODEL: IMPLICATIONS FOR ESTIMATING PHOSPHORUS LOADINGEutrophication of aquatic ecosystems is one of the most pressing water quality concerns in the U.S. and around the world. Bank erosion has been largely overlooked as a source of nutrient loading, despite field studies demonstrating that this source can account for the majority of the total phosphorus budget of a watershed. Substantial effort has been made to develop mechanistic models to predict bank erosion and instability in stream systems; however, these models do not account for inherent natural variability in input values. Providing only single output values with no quantification of associated uncertainty can complicate management decisions focused on reducing bank erosion and nutrient loading to streams. To address this issue, uncertainty and sensitivity analyses were performed on the Bank Stability and Toe Erosion Model (BSTEM), a mechanistic model developed by the USDA-ARS that simulates both mass wasting (stability) and fluvial erosion of streambanks. Sensitivity analysis results indicate that variable influence on model output can vary depending on assumed input distributions.Generally, bank height, soil cohesion, and plant species were found to be most influential in determining stability of clay (cohesive) banks. In addition to these three inputs, groundwater elevation, stream stage, and bank angle were also identified as important in sand (non-cohesive) banks. Slope and bank height are the dominant variables in fluvial erosion modeling, while erodibility and critical shear stress are relatively unimportant. However, the threshold effect of critical shear stress (determining whether erosion occurs) was not explicitly accounted for, ii possibly explaining the relatively low sensitivity indices for this variable. Model output distributions of sediment and phosphorus loading rates corresponded well to ranges published in the literature, helping validate both model performance and selected ranges of input values. In addition, a probabilistic modeling approach was applied to data from a watershed-scale sediment and phosphorus loading study on the Missisquoi River, Vermont to quantify uncertainty associated with these published results. While our estimates indicated that bank erosion was likely a significant source of sediment and phosphorus to the watershed in question, the uncertainty associated with these predictions indicates that they should probably be considered order of magnitude estimates only.iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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“…9.881 • E). The Gelbaek stream is a first order stream draining 11.6 km 2 of intensively farmed (> 95 % arable land) catchment with a corridor of trees in the buffer strip along the lower 2 km of the stream channel (Kronvang et al, 1997).…”

Section: In Situ Stream Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of sampling methodologies for nutrient monitoring in streams: uncertainties, costs and implications for mitigation

Audet

Martinsen

Hasler

et al. 2014

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems caused by excess concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus may have harmful consequences for biodiversity and poses a health risk to humans via water supplies. Reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus losses to aquatic ecosystems involves implementation of costly measures, and reliable monitoring methods are therefore essential to select appropriate mitigation strategies and to evaluate their effects. Here, we compare the performances and costs of three methodologies for the monitoring of nutrients in rivers: grab sampling; timeproportional sampling; and passive sampling using flowproportional samplers. Assuming hourly time-proportional sampling to be the best estimate of the "true" nutrient load, our results showed that the risk of obtaining wrong total nutrient load estimates by passive samplers is high despite similar costs as the time-proportional sampling. Our conclusion is that for passive samplers to provide a reliable monitoring alternative, further development is needed. Grab sampling was the cheapest of the three methods and was more precise and accurate than passive sampling. We conclude that although monitoring employing time-proportional sampling is costly, its reliability precludes unnecessarily high implementation expenses.

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Sediment and phosphorus export from a lowland catchment: Quantification of sources

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

Modelling of long term nitrogen retention in surface waters

Modelling of long term nitrogen retention in surface waters

Uncertainty and sensitivity in a bank stability model: implications for estimating phosphorus loading

Comparison of sampling methodologies for nutrient monitoring in streams: uncertainties, costs and implications for mitigation

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