Sedentary Behaviors, TV Viewing Time, and Risk of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Nguyen, Long H.; Liu, Po Hong; Zheng, Xiaobin; Keum, NaNa; Zong, Xiaoyu; Xiao, Li; Wu, Kana; Fuchs, Charles S.; Ogino, Shuji; Ng, Kimmie; Willett, Walter C.; Chan, Andrew T.; Giovannucci, Edward; Cao, Yin

doi:10.1093/jncics/pky073

Cited by 134 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…adults have increased in parallel to the increase in EOCRC, and an independent relationship is yet to be clearly demonstrated.Nguyen et al, has recently reported a significant association between increased risk of EOCRC and sedentary TV watching time after adjusting the persumed risk factors such as lack of exercise and obesity[105]. Additionally, there is a consistent relationship between type 2 diabetes and CRC, and this is likely to be more pronounced in young adults under 55 years[106].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer in Australian Young Adults

Mikaeel¹,

Price²,

Smith³

et al. 2019

Mathews Journal of Cancer Science

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Purpose of Review: Although the overall incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been decreasing in Australia over the last 20 years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of early-onset CRC (EOCRC) without a clear explanation. In this review, we have outlined the epidemiology, suggested risk factors, clinicopathological and molecular features, survival and prognosis, and treatment approach for Australian young adults with CRC. Recent findings: There has been a shift in the epidemiology of bowel cancer incidence and mortality across different age groups, and there are clinicopathological and molecular feature differences between EOCRC and late onset CRC (LOCRC). EOCRC is more common in the distal colon and rectum. Young patients are diagnosed at more advanced stages of the disease with increased prevalence of aggressive pathologic features and tend to receive more aggressive chemotherapies. EOCRC patients present with a predominance of symptoms in the left side of the colon, and importantly, cases do not have clinically known risk factors. The microbiota may play a significant role in the CRC pathogenesis through an impact on host metabolism and through the transmission of metabolic and even CRC risk in non-Mendelian familial aggregation. Summary: The increase in the incidence and mortality rates of young adults with CRC has been significant. Thus, more collaborative research is needed to explain the reasons behind the increase in CRC incidence, and to identify young adults in the population at an increased risk of developing CRC at an early age.

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confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer in Australian Young Adults

Mikaeel¹,

Price²,

Smith³

et al. 2019

Mathews Journal of Cancer Science

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“…In our study, most patients reported a moderate and low level of physical activity, accounting for almost 83% of the total patients. [18][19][20][21] Regarding fat status, although BMI is not a reliable indicator of fat loading, in our study, most patients diagnosed with CRC were overweight(29%) and obese(53%) ( Table 3). Smoking is considered a "universal carcinogen", recent research showing a link between nicotine consumption and CRC development.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Five Years Retrospective Review of Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors in the Black Sea Coast Population

Micu¹,

Oraiopoulou²,

Manea³

et al. 2020

Rev. Chim.

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Considering its increasing incidence, complications, comorbidities, mortality and last but not least the tendency to decrease the age of onset, colorectal cancer (CRC) represents one of the significant concerns related to oncology diseases becoming in the last decades a public health problem. Although the etiology is not yet completely known, colorectal cancer is considered a disease with multiple factors, an important place occupying the impact of the environmental factors on the genetically particularly predisposition of patients. In order to reduce the incidence of this disease, screening methods have been developed that are addressed primarily to the population at risk and which have contributed significantly to reducing the occurrence of this condition. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the presence of specific risk factors for CRC in the Black Sea Coast population for a period of 5 years, and to contribute to the reinforcement of some notions already well known in the specialized literature. By publishing this work, the committee of authors hopes to strengthen the profile of the individual at risk of developing CRC in order to identify better those that are in danger of developing this disease and refer them to screenin

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“…A number of studies highlighted the correlations between cancer risk and extrinsic factors such as specific dietary habits (non-Mediterranean Western diet, HFD, processed meat, alcohol consumption), sedentary lifestyle, environmental pollution and urbanization [27][28][29][30]. In particular, the adoption of WSD in both industrialized and developing countries is linked to higher obesity rates and prevalence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer, with a specific association between obesity and CRC [31].…”

Section: Correlating Diet Intestinal Homeostasis and Colorectal Cancmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Potential culprits are represented by cesarean delivery, absence of breastfeeding, prenatal/perinatal/infancy antibiotic use (which impacts the health of the gut microbiota) and changes in childhood diet [71]. Sedentary lifestyle during childhood, and specifically TV viewing time, has been also correlated with an increasing risk of EO-CRC [29] (Figure 1). In light of these findings, future strategies against EO-CRC must include a combined effort of epidemiological, basic and clinical research together with informative campaigns and socioeconomic measures.…”

Section: Increased Crc Incidence In the Young Adult Population: Molecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Factors in the Control of Gut Homeostasis, Intestinal Stem Cells, and Colorectal Cancer

2019

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Global CRC burden is expected to increase by 60% in the next decade, with low-income countries experiencing an escalation of CRC incidence and mortality in parallel to the adoption of western lifestyles. CRC incidence is also sharply increasing in individuals younger than 50 years, often presenting at advanced stages and with aggressive features. Both genetic and environmental factors have been recognized as major contributors for the development of CRC, the latter including diet-related conditions such as chronic inflammation and obesity. In particular, a diet rich in fat and sugars (Western-style diet, WSD) has been shown to induce multiple pathophysiological changes in the intestine linked to an increased risk of CRC. In this scenario, dietary factors have been recently shown to play novel unexpected roles in the regulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and of the gut microbiota, which represent the two main biological systems responsible for intestinal homeostasis. Furthermore, diet is increasingly recognized to play a key role in the neoplastic transformation of ISCs and in the metabolic regulation of colorectal cancer stem cells. This review illustrates novel discoveries on the role of dietary components in regulating intestinal homeostasis and colorectal tumorigenesis. Particular focus is dedicated to new areas of research with potential clinical relevance including the effect of food components on ISCs and cancer stem cells (CSCs), the existence of CRC-specific microbial signatures and the alterations of intestinal homeostasis potentially involved in early-onset CRC. New insights on the role of dietary factors in intestinal regulation will provide new tools not only for the prevention and early diagnosis of CRC but also for improving the effectiveness of current CRC therapies.

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Sedentary Behaviors, TV Viewing Time, and Risk of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 134 publications

References 60 publications

Colorectal Cancer in Australian Young Adults

Colorectal Cancer in Australian Young Adults

Five Years Retrospective Review of Colorectal Cancer Risk Factors in the Black Sea Coast Population

Dietary Factors in the Control of Gut Homeostasis, Intestinal Stem Cells, and Colorectal Cancer

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