Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Youth With Recent Onset of Type 2 Diabetes

Kriska, Andrea M.; Delahanty, Linda M.; Edelstein, Sharon L.; Amodei, Nancy; Chadwick, Jennifer; Copeland, Kenneth C.; Galvin, Bryan; ghormli, Laure El; Haymond, Morey W.; Kelsey, Megan M.; Lassiter, C. A.; Mayer‐Davis, Elizabeth J.; Milaszewski, Kerry; Syme, Amy

doi:10.1542/peds.2012-0620

Cited by 70 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Another report found that youth with T2D, compared with age and BMI-matched youth without diabetes, had lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and less physical activity [90]. Similarly, a report from the TODAY study group found that youth with T2D were significantly more sedentary than obese youth from the NHANES cohort [91]. …”

Section: Type 2 Diabetes In Children and Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Children: Epidemiology and Treatment

2014

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The incidence of overweight and obesity among children has increased dramatically in recent decades, with about one-third of children in the U.S. currently being either overweight or obese. Being overweight in early childhood increases risk for later obesity. There is evidence for the efficacy of family-based behavioral treatment to control weight and improve health outcomes. Obesity-related health risks have been documented, including metabolic syndrome. There is also increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among youth in recent years, with obesity and family history of T2D generally present. Lower income and ethnic minority status are associated with both obesity and T2D in youth. Most youth with T2D do not achieve optimal glycemic control, and are at high risk for later health complications. Obesity and T2D represent significant public health issues with potentially great personal and societal cost. Research addressing the prevention of obesity and T2D among youth is urgently needed.

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Section: Type 2 Diabetes In Children and Adolescencementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Children: Epidemiology and Treatment

2014

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“…Sedentary lifestyle has become a serious concern in modern societies and increases the risk of many chronic diseases. Much time spent sitting is associated with diabetes but also with other chronic diseases, including heart disease, cancer, and high blood pressure, both in adults (3) and in adolescents (4). The situation is particularly alarming among children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Helsinki alert of biodiversity and health

et al. 2015

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Urban living in built environments, combined with the use of processed water and food, may not provide the microbial stimulation necessary for a balanced development of immune function. Many chronic inflammatory disorders, including allergic, autoimmune, metabolic, and even some behavioural disorders, are linked to alteration in the human commensal microbiota. Sedentary lifestyle is associated with reduced exposure to a broad spectrum of environmental micro-organisms and surplus energy balance, both risk factors of chronic inflammatory disorders. According to the Biodiversity Hypothesis, an environment with diverse macrobiota and microbiota modifies and enriches the human microbiota, which in turn is crucial in the development and maintenance of appropriate immune function. These issues were discussed in the symposium Chronic Inflammation, Lifestyle and Environment , held in Helsinki, 20 - 22 August 2014, under the sponsorship of the Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation. This paper briefly outlines the recent findings in the context of the environment, lifestyle, and health; discusses the forces that undermine immune tolerance in urban environments; and highlights the possibilities to restore broken immune tolerance among urban dwellers, summarizing the main messages in four statements and calling for actions to combat major public health threats

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“…Numerous studies (9,11,12,16,50) have found that screen-based sedentary behaviours are associated with markers of cardiometabolic disease risk in children and youth. However, although some studies have reported a significant association between objectively measured sedentary time and markers of cardiometabolic disease risk in this population (5,10,44,(51)(52)(53), many others (including Chapter 3 of this thesis) have failed to detect such a relationship (15,16,50,(54)(55)(56)(57)(58)(59). In Chapter 6 of this thesis we report that prolonged sitting did not result in significant changes in markers of cardiometabolic disease risk or subsequent food intake or physical activity in children and youth.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Though not equivocal, several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have found significant associations between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic disease risk among children and youth (5,10,44,(51)(52)(53). As discussed previously, results from Chapter 6 suggest that even in the absence of acute changes in markers of cardiometabolic disease risk, prolonged sitting is still likely to lead to positive energy balance, and potential weight gain.…”

Section: Does Sitting Per Se Have a Negative Impact On Pediatric Health?mentioning

confidence: 92%

The health impact of sedentary behaviour in children and youth

Saunders

2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Emerging evidence suggests that sedentary behaviour is independently associated with cardiometabolic disease risk in school-aged children and youth. This thesis includes 4 related studies in the pursuit of 2 objectives: 1) To determine the cross-sectional association of sedentary time, interruptions in sedentary time, sedentary bout length, and total movement variability with markers of cardiometabolic disease risk among children and youth, and 2) To examine the impact of 1-day of prolonged sedentary behaviour, with and without interruptions or structured physical activity, on markers of cardiometabolic disease risk, hunger, food intake and spontaneous physical activity levels in children and youth. In Study 1, we found that interruptions in sedentary time and short bouts of sedentary time were beneficially associated with clustered cardiometabolic disease risk in boys and girls aged 8-11 years, independent of total sedentary time, moderate-and-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and other confounders (all p<0.05), while the opposite was true for screen based sedentary behaviours. In Study 2, we found that movement variability (minute-to-minute changes in movement intensity) was negatively associated with clustered cardiometabolic disease risk and systolic blood pressure independent of MVPA, sedentary time and other covariates in a representative sample of American children and youth aged 12-17 years (all p<0.05). In Studies 3 and 4, we found that prolonged sitting, with or without interruptions and structured MVPA did not result in acute changes in markers of cardiometabolic disease risk, nor subsequent ad libitum food intake or physical activity levels in healthy children aged 10-14 years (all p ≥0.05). Taken together, the studies that make up this thesis suggest that optimal levels of cardiometabolic disease risk are most likely to be seen in children who limit their time engaging in screen-based sedentary behaviours, who frequently interrupt their sedentary time, and who have high levels of variability in their movement behaviours.iii ContributionsThe work in this thesis is my own, and I take full responsibility for its contents. Ethics applications were required for Studies 1, 3 and 4, and details of ethics approval are provided in Appendix A. A list of co-authors from the studies that make up this thesis can be found below.

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Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity in Youth With Recent Onset of Type 2 Diabetes

Cited by 70 publications

References 15 publications

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Children: Epidemiology and Treatment

Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Children: Epidemiology and Treatment

Helsinki alert of biodiversity and health

The health impact of sedentary behaviour in children and youth

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