Sedation-analgesia techniques for nonoperating room anesthesia: an update

Abstract

Purpose of reviewThere has been a substantial increase in nonoperating room anesthesia procedures over the years along with an increase in the complexity and severity of cases. These procedures pose unique challenges for anesthesia providers requiring meticulous planning and attention to detail. Advancements in the delivery of sedation and analgesia in this setting will help anesthesia providers navigate these challenges and improve patient safety and outcomes. Recent findingsThere has been a renewed interest in the development of newer sedative and analgesic drugs and delivery systems that can safely provide anesthesia care in challenging situations and circumstances. SummaryDelivery of anesthesia care in nonoperating room locations is associated with significant challenges. The advent of sedative and analgesic drugs that can be safely used in situations where monitoring capabilities are limited in conjunction with delivery systems, that can incorporate unique patient characteristics and ensure the safe delivery of these drugs, has the potential to improve patient safety and outcomes. Further research is needed in these areas to develop newer drugs and delivery systems.

A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy and safety of ciprofol (HSK3486) versus propofol for anesthetic induction and non-ICU sedation

“…Despite the ability of sedatives to provide relief from procedure-related anxiety and discomfort through the induction of sedation and anxiolysis, safety concerns remain an important issue as they can cause varying degrees of depression in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems as well as a loss of airway reflexes ( Godoroja-Diarto et al, 2022 ; Sneyd et al, 2022 ; Hara et al, 2023 ). The efficacy and safety of sedatives can be evaluated based on their possession of optimal properties for clinical use, including a rapid onset of action, minimal cardiopulmonary depression, rapid and smooth awakening from sedation, minimal cognitive dysfunction, and a low risk of PONV ( Khorsand et al, 2022 ; Thomson et al, 2010 ; Minami and Takigawa, 2023 ). In addition to a low risk of adverse events, sedatives should be easy to administer and monitor with predictable effects to minimize possible medication errors and risk of complications, thereby improving patient outcomes ( Gan, 2006 ; Manzi et al, 2021 ).…”