Security of a High Dimensional Two‐Way Quantum Key Distribution Protocol

Abstract

Two-way quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols utilize bi-directional quantum communication to establish a shared secret key. Due to the increased attack surface, security analyses remain challenging. Here a high-dimensional variant of the Ping Pong protocol is investigated and an information theoretic security analysis in the finite-key setting is performed. The main contribution in this work is to show a new proof methodology for two-way quantum key distribution protocols based on the quantum sampling framework of Bouman and Fehr introduced in 2010 and also sampling-based entropic uncertainty relations introduced by the authors in 2019. The PingPong protocol is only investigated here, but these methods may be broadly applicable to other QKD protocols, especially those relying on two-way channels. Along the way, some fascinating benefits to high-dimensional quantum states applied to two-way quantum communication are also showed.

A New Security Proof for Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

“…The following lemma allows us to bound the entropy in a state after performing a certain type of quantum operation on it, if we know the min entropy in a suitable state that is close in trace distance: Lemma 1 (from [36]). Let ρ and σ be two quantum states and F be some CPTP map that acts as follows:…”

Universal Highly Effective Entanglement Purification with Single‐Copy Hyperentangled State

“…Entanglement is an important quantum resource which has wide applications in quantum information processing, such as quantum dense coding, [1][2][3] quantum teleportation, [4][5][6] quantum secret sharing, [7][8][9] quantum key distribution (QKD), [10][11][12][13][14] quantum secure direct communication (QSDC), [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] quantum repeater, [22][23][24][25] quantum computation, [26,27] and so on. In quantum communication, entangled photon system plays significant role for establishing quantum channel with the properties of high-speed transmission, manipulability and high capacity, and its quality will influence the performance of quantum communication protocols.…”