Security in Modern Smart Cities: An Information Technology Perspective

Abstract

In a modern and big city, the security system is not a single layered single module system. Instead, it consists of many layers with autonomous subsystems which are capable of interfacing reciprocally in an efficient and coordinated way horizontally and vertically. The design of such indigenous subsystems and ensuring tight interaction between them taking into account high usability and resource utilization is not a simple task. In this regard, this article provides a comprehensive overview of the security systems in smart cities. We begin by introducing trends and key stakeholders in smart cities. Next, we provide examples of mass surveillance systems in developed countries like USA, UK, and China. Finally, we highlight some of the major challenges in complete realization of smart cities. The security aspects discussed in this study can be beneficial in designing future smart cities.

Security, Privacy and Risks Within Smart Cities: Literature Review and Development of a Smart City Interaction Framework

“…et al (2018);Alandjani (2018); Antoine Picon (2019);Awad et al (2019);Baryshev et al (2016);Bernardes et al (2018);Chatterjee et al (2017);de Amorim et al (2019);de Fuentes et al (2017);Efthymiopoulos (2015);Elmaghraby and Losavio (2014);Evans (2018);Ferraz and Ferraz (2014a);Hiller and Blanke (2017);Jameel et al (2019);Khan et al (2014);Li et al (2015);Liao et al (2017);Liu et al (2017); Pérez-Martínez et al (2013); Rohokale and Prasad (2017); Vitunskaite et al (2019); Waedt et al (2016); Wang et al (2012); Zhu and Zuo (2015) Smart power systems Ainane et al (2018); Alamaniotis et al (2017); Karasevich et al (2016); Sanduleac et al (2016) Smart healthcare Alromaihi et al (2018); Huang et al (2017); De Fuentes et al (2018) Frameworks, algorithms and protocols to improve security and privacy Al-Dhubhani et al (2018); Antonopoulos et al (2017); Avgerou et al (2016); Beltran et al (2017); Burange and Misalkar (2015); Cagliero et al (2015); de Fuentes et al (2017); Ferdowsi et al (2017); Gheisariy et al (2019); González García et al (2017); Gope et al (2018); Guo et al (2017); Han et al (2019); Huerta and Salazar (2019) ; Khedr et al (2019); Krichen and Alroobaea (2019); Krichen et al (2018); Lai et al (2017); Lepinski et al (2016); Luo et al (2017); Mazhelis et al (2016); Patsakis et al (2015); Peters et al (2019); Roldan et al (2019); Sen et al (2013); Shen et al (2017); Song et al (2017); Stromire and Potoczny-Jones (2018); Sucasas et al (2018); Sucasas et al (2016); Berg et al (2019); Wibowo (2018); Witti and Konstantas (2018); Xiao et al (2017); Xie and Hwang (2019); Yilei and Leyou (2019); Zang et al (2017) Operational threats for smart cities Aldairi and Tawalbeh (2017); Baig et al (2017); Dewi Rosadi et al (2018); Dhungana et al (2015); Ferraz and Ferraz (2014b); Galdon-Clavell (2013); Grieman (2019); Habibzadeh et al (2018); Kitchin and Dodge (2019); Pérez-Martínez et al (2013); Techatassanasoontorn and Suo (2010); Vattapparamban et al (2016); Velasquez et al (2018); Yang and Xu (2018) Use and adoption of smart services by citizens (success of smart services) Babdullah et al (2017); Belanche-Gracia et al (2015); Chatterjee et al (2018); Cilliers and Flowerday (2014); Cilliers and Flowerday (2015); Slade et al (2013); Slade et al (2014); Van Heek et al (2016); van Zoonen (2016) Use of blockchain systems within smart cities Mora et al (2019); Noh and Kwon (2019); Ramos and Silva (2019)Social media and smart citiesMoustaka et al (2019) …”

Implementation of AI based Safety and Security System Integration for Smart City

“…Authors examined smart city definitions based on general methodology and the 3-C principle (Competence, Convenience, Cleverness). Based on mass observation systems from the USA and UK, [13] a full analysis of smart city security systems was offered. They highlighted design challenges for smart cities.…”

Ethics of Artificial Intelligence: Research Challenges and Potential Solutions

“…To improve safety and security, many participants highlighted the safety and security challenges and opportunities of system application including AI features. one of the participants mentioned that approaching the security breaches for accessing the data is costlier and policymakers need to design a system that protects expenses and liabilities [28].…”