Security-by-design handbook.

Abstract

This document is a draft Security-by-Design (SeBD) handbook produced to support the Work Plan of the Nuclear Security Summit to share best practices for nuclear security in new facility design. The Work Plan calls on States to "encourage nuclear operators and architect/engineering firms to take into account and incorporate, where appropriate, effective measures of physical protection and security culture into the planning, construction, and operation of civilian nuclear facilities and provide technical assistance, upon request, to other States in doing so."The materials for this document were generated primarily as part of a bilateral project to produce a SeBD handbook as a collaboration between the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) Nuclear Nonproliferation Science and Technology Center and Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), which represented the US Department Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) under a Project Action Sheet PAS-PP04. Input was also derived based on tours of the Savannah River Site (SRS) and Japan Nuclear Fuel Limited (JNFL) Rokkasho Mixed Oxide Fuel fabrication facilities and associated project lessons-learned.For the purposes of the handbook, SeBD will be described as the system-level incorporation of the physical protection system (PPS) into a new nuclear power plant or nuclear facility resulting in a PPS design that minimizes the risk of malicious acts leading to nuclear material theft; nuclear material sabotage; and facility sabotage as much as possible through features inherent in (or intrinsic to) the design of the facility. A four-element strategy is presented to achieve a robust, durable, and responsive security system. 4 ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors would like to thank Janette Hill of NNSA and Jose Rodriguez and David Olson, both formerly from Sandia National Laboratories, for starting the Security by Design project on the US side and their early work in this area. A note of thanks is also due to Rudy Matalucci, formerly from Sandia National Laboratories, for his insights into how security engineering and risk assessment contribute to Security by Design. 5 List of Figures List of Tables Definitions Design and Operating AgencyCombined term for the agency responsible for the design, construction, and project acceptance of the completed facility before a Competent Authority inspection, as well as the agency or licensee responsible for the operation and maintenance of a Nuclear Power Plant or Nuclear Facility (NPP/NF). Alternatively, this collective term could be "owner." In practice, the design and operating agency can be two different agencies. The project team and management team are entities within this principal entity responsible for design, construction, and acceptance, and for operation and maintenance, respectively.Nuclear Safeguards Practices to assure that nuclear material and other specified items are not diverted from peaceful nuclear uses.Nuclear Safety The achievement of:  proper operating conditions  prevention of accidents  mitigation ...

Small Modular Reactors and Advanced Reactor Security: Regulatory Perspectives on Integrating Physical and Cyber Security by Design to Protect Against Malicious Acts and Evolving Threats

“…Cooperation between system engineers and security professionals is needed to fully mitigate defined threats [7,8]. For example, the designer must first understand the objective of the Physical Protection Systems (PPS), required capabilities, and what it must protect against.…”