Security and the smart city: A systematic review

Laufs, Julian; Borrion, Hervé; Bradford, Ben

doi:10.1016/j.scs.2020.102023

Cited by 206 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 132 publications

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“…As such, two independent reviews conducted at the same time on the same topic may identify a different set of articles and consequently come to different conclusions. A key feature of systematic and scoping reviews is the use of a transparent search strategy that can be replicated by others, which minimises bias in terms of what literature is ultimately synthesised (Laufs et al 2020).…”

Section: Methodological Approaches To Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the concept of ‘demand’ in policing: a scoping review and resulting implications for demand management

Laufs

Bowers

Birks

et al. 2020

Policing and Society

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As literature around policing and society grows, there is increased use of, and focus upon the concept of police 'demand'. The concept itself, however, is ill-defined and no consensus exists about how it should be measured. This paper addresses these issues by undertaking a scoping review of literature on the topic, and by exploring how demand has been conceptualised in both academic and practitioner communities. The review reveals that while key interdependencies between police demand and supply are widely discussed, they are often analysed in isolation. To add to the academic discussion of police demand, the paper introduces a comprehensive conceptualisation including the various forms police demand can take and the different manifestations of drivers for police demand. Subsequently, it outlines several approaches that might be levied to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of demand management approaches. These include the consideration of trade-offs that need to be considered. For example, there is a need to balance any resources allocated to deal with proactive demand reduction and that necessary for (reactive) response. Considering the dynamics of police demand andby necessitysupply through the lens of complex adaptive systems we propose potential ways forward that capitalise on this framing.

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Section: Methodological Approaches To Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the concept of ‘demand’ in policing: a scoping review and resulting implications for demand management

Laufs

Bowers

Birks

et al. 2020

Policing and Society

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An increase in security usually implies less privacy. For example, with cameras to control the security and citizens' traffic, the citizens' identity and data become more visible [110,111], which is another reason why cryptography and blockchain become even more important topics. In 2019, some states of the USA banned the use of individual images in different situations, such as facial recognition; a requirement that fits the context of digital IDs and access to private data provided by blockchain.…”

Section: Citizens' Privacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for Connecting Citizens and Smart Cities: ICT, E-Governance and Blockchain

2020

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The way citizens interact with cities affects overall life quality. Their participation in social decisions is of paramount importance for helping on public decisions that affect governance, regulation and education. This interaction has the potential of being boosted within the scope of smart and digital cities, especially by recent advances in blockchain technology. This work introduces insights about how smart cities’ concepts and innovative technologies can help society to face daily challenges for improving citizens’ awareness. Digital technologies are able to drive social and economic development by employing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to promote innovation. In this context, e-governance, in conjunction with disruptive concepts such as blockchain, is showing up as a fundamental tool for a decentralized democracy. This study reviews, discusses, raises open points and presents suggestions towards an efficient, transparent and sustainable use of technology, applied to future cities.

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“…Data security issues not only have isolated effects, but also often affect all the urban dimensions (analyzed in the previous section). Thus, data security is treated as a fundamental issue in the management of sensor cities [172][173][174]. Through the collection and use of large amounts of data and technological solutions that analyze human behavior, it is possible to influence not only the fight against crime through sensors that analyze movements or facial expressions, but also urban governance in terms of planning and the attractiveness of the city [175][176][177].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Sensor Cities: Insights from Technology Giant Company Driven Smart Urbanism Practices

D’Amico

L’Abbate

Liao

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The data-driven approach to sustainable urban development is becoming increasingly popular among the cities across the world. This is due to cities’ attention in supporting smart and sustainable urbanism practices. In an era of digitalization of urban services and processes, which is upon us, platform urbanism is becoming a fundamental tool to support smart urban governance, and helping in the formation of a new version of cities—i.e., City 4.0. This new version utilizes urban dashboards and platforms in its operations and management tasks of its complex urban metabolism. These intelligent systems help in maintaining the robustness of our cities, integrating various sensors (e.g., internet-of-things) and big data analysis technologies (e.g., artificial intelligence) with the aim of optimizing urban infrastructures and services (e.g., water, waste, energy), and turning the urban system into a smart one. The study generates insights from the sensor city best practices by placing some of renowned projects, implemented by Huawei, Cisco, Google, Ericsson, Microsoft, and Alibaba, under the microscope. The investigation findings reveal that the sensor city approach: (a) Has the potential to increase the smartness and sustainability level of cities; (b) Manages to engage citizens and companies in the process of planning, monitoring and analyzing urban processes; (c) Raises awareness on the local environmental, social and economic issues, and; (d) Provides a novel city blueprint for urban administrators, managers and planners. Nonetheless, the use of advanced technologies—e.g., real-time monitoring stations, cloud computing, surveillance cameras—poses a multitude of challenges related to: (a) Quality of the data used; (b) Level of protection of traditional and cybernetic urban security; (c) Necessary integration between the various urban infrastructure, and; (d) Ability to transform feedback from stakeholders into innovative urban policies.

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Security and the smart city: A systematic review

Cited by 206 publications

References 132 publications

Understanding the concept of ‘demand’ in policing: a scoping review and resulting implications for demand management

Understanding the concept of ‘demand’ in policing: a scoping review and resulting implications for demand management

Challenges for Connecting Citizens and Smart Cities: ICT, E-Governance and Blockchain

Understanding Sensor Cities: Insights from Technology Giant Company Driven Smart Urbanism Practices

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