Security analysis of the “Ping–Pong” quantum communication protocol in the presence of collective-rotation noise

Li, Jian; Li, Lingyun; Jin, Haifei; Li, Ruifan

doi:10.1016/j.physleta.2013.08.019

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It is apparent that the Ping-Pong protocol [116] cannot convey secret messages over the quantum channel due to its QKD nature. Although the original Ping-pong protocol of [116] is insecure even for QKD, later it has been rendered secure and has been generalized to numerous applications [120]- [124]. As a result, a simple way of distinguishing a QSDC protocol from a DQKD protocol [55] is to check whether the transmitted data would or would not be leaked to Eve.…”

Section: Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Quantum Secure Direct Communication: On the Road to the Qinternet

Pan,

Long,

Yin

et al. 2024

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Communication security has to evolve to a higher plane in the face of the threat from the massive computing power of the emerging quantum computers. Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) constitutes a promising branch of quantum communication, which is provably secure and overcomes the threat of quantum computing, whilst conveying secret messages directly via the quantum channel. In this survey, we highlight the motivation and the status of QSDC research with special emphasis on its theoretical basis and experimental verification. We will detail the associated point-to-point communication protocols and show how information is protected and transmitted. Finally, we discuss the open challenges as well as the future trends of QSDC networks, emphasizing again that QSDC is not a pure quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, but a fully-fledged secure communication scheme.

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Section: Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Quantum Secure Direct Communication: On the Road to the Qinternet

Pan,

Long,

Yin

et al. 2024

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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“…The effect is making every particle left or right deflect θ angle. 25–27 The effect of the collective-rotation noise could read as the following unitary matrix U …”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The security analysis of E91 protocol in collective-rotation noise channel

et al. 2018

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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The bit error in quantum communication is mainly caused by eavesdropping and noise. However, most quantum communication protocols only take eavesdropping into consideration and ignore the result of noise, making the inaccuracy situations in detecting the eavesdropper. To analyze the security of the quantum E91 protocol presented by Ekert in collective-rotation noise channel, an excellent model of noise analysis is proposed. The increment of the qubits error rate (ber) is used to detect eavesdropping. In our analysis, eavesdropper (Eve) can maximally get about 50% of the key from the communication when the noise level approximates to 0.5. The results show that in the collective-rotation noise environment, E91 protocol is secure and the raw key is available just as we have knew and proved. We also presented a new idea in analyzing the protocol security in noise channel.

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“…In Ref. [18], Li analyzed the security of the ping-pong protocol in the presence of collective-rotation noise (a major collective decoherence noise). According to Li's analysis, when the noise level is 0, the qubit-error rate caused by eavesdropping to obtain the whole message on one qubit is 0.5; when the noise level is 6%, the qubit-error rate is 0.18; and when the noise level is 11%, the qubit-error rate is 0.11.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Eavesdropping Detection Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Robust quantum secure direct communication and authentication protocol against decoherence noise based on six-qubit DF state

et al. 2015

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By using six-qubit decoherence-free (DF) states as quantum carriers and decoy states, a robust quantum secure direct communication and authentication (QSDCA) protocol against decoherence noise is proposed. Four six-qubit DF states are used in the process of secret transmission, however only the |0 ′ ⟩ state is prepared. The other three six-qubit DF states can be obtained by permuting the outputs of the setup for |0 ′ ⟩. By using the |0 ′ ⟩ state as the decoy state, the detection rate and the qubit error rate reach 81.3%, and they will not change with the noise level. The stability and security are much higher than those of the ping-pong protocol both in an ideal scenario and a decoherence noise scenario. Even if the eavesdropper measures several qubits, exploiting the coherent relationship between these qubits, she can gain one bit of secret information with probability 0.042.

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Security analysis of the “Ping–Pong” quantum communication protocol in the presence of collective-rotation noise

Cited by 9 publications

References 35 publications

The Evolution of Quantum Secure Direct Communication: On the Road to the Qinternet

The Evolution of Quantum Secure Direct Communication: On the Road to the Qinternet

The security analysis of E91 protocol in collective-rotation noise channel

Robust quantum secure direct communication and authentication protocol against decoherence noise based on six-qubit DF state

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