Securitization, racial cleansing, and disaster capitalism: Neoliberal disaster governance in the US Gulf Coast and Haiti

Pyles, Loretta; Svistova, Juliana; Ahn, Suran

doi:10.1177/0261018316685691

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…For more than 40 years, social science literature pertaining to disaster studies has underlined that post‐disaster interventions exacerbate the inequities that characterise affected local communities, worsening social exclusion and failing to enhance social learning and transformation (see, for example, Oliver‐Smith, 1977, 1990; Bates, 1982; Bolin and Bolton, 1983; Cutter et al, 2006; Gunewardena and Schuller, 2008). Too often, post‐disaster interventions by states result in disaster management agencies exacerbating pre‐crisis vulnerabilities, the root causes of disaster, and associated risks and impacts, with the event being seized as an opportunity for disaster capitalism (Escaleras, Anbarci, and Register, 2007; Gunewardena and Schuller, 2008; Klein, 2008; Owen, 2011; Escaleras and Register, 2016; Faas, 2016; Schuller and Maldonado, 2016; Pyles, Svistova, and Ahn, 2017; Lewis, 2018; Lowenstein, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism of disaster capitalism and the failure to build community resilience: learning from the 2009 earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy

Imperiale

Vanclay

2020

Disasters

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This paper reflects on what materialised during recovery operations following the earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy, on 6 April 2009. Previous critiques have focused on the actions of the Government of Italy and the Department of Civil Protection (Protezione Civile), with little attention paid to the role of local authorities. This analysis sheds light on how the latter used emergency powers, the command‐and‐control approach, and top‐down planning to manage the disaster context, especially in terms of removal of rubble, implementing safety measures, and allocating temporary accommodation. It discusses how these arrangements constituted the mechanism via which ‘disaster capitalism’ took hold at the local and national level, and how it violated human rights, produced environmental and social impacts, hindered local communities from learning, transforming, and building resilience, and facilitated disaster capitalism and corruption. To make the disaster risk reduction and resilience paradigm more effective, a shift from centralised civil protection to decentralised, inclusive community empowerment systems is needed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism of disaster capitalism and the failure to build community resilience: learning from the 2009 earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy

Imperiale

Vanclay

2020

Disasters

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“…There is a long history of framing disaster or crisis as a rhetorical antecedent to exploitative policies, but by the end of the first decade of the 21st century, it had become remark-ably commonplace in policy discourse (Castree, 2010). Indeed, responses to the September 11th terror attacks, to the increasing severity and prevalence of ecological disasters, and to financial crises have all been framed as crises in need of reactive policy measures; in each case the prescriptions involved the support and securitization or advancement of specific, influential capitalist interests (Boin, Hart, & McConnell, 2009;Coaffee, 2009;Fletcher, 2012;Octavianti & Charles, 2018;Pyles, Svistova, & Ahn, 2017).…”

Section: Background: Questioning Crisis and Resilience In The Era Of Climate Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Crisis Capitalism and Climate Finance: The Framing, Monetizing, and Orchestration of Resilience-Amidst-Crisis

Long

2021

PaG

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Throughout the development sector there has been a pronounced call for new funding mechanisms to address the climate crisis, and much of this is focused on attracting private sources of capital to fund ‘bankable’ projects in climate-vulnerable cities throughout the world. Enacted amidst a 21st century landscape of interlocking financial, epidemiological, and ecological crises, this call features an urgent narrative of ‘resilience-amidst-crisis’ that promotes large-scale, profitable investments as a form of green growth through debt-financing. The political orchestration and administration of new funding mechanisms (particularly green bonds and sustainable bonds) requires a new form of climate governance focused on the channeling of enormous sums of private capital through an assemblage of intermediaries toward profitable climate projects. This article interrogates this trend in climate finance, revealing that the framing, monetization, and orchestration of climate projects is dependent on a narrative of crisis capitalism deeply rooted in a colonial mindset of exploitation and profit. A key aim of this article is to deconstruct the contemporary dominance of crisis-oriented development and suggest the goal of decolonizing and democratizing the climate finance system.

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“…When such opportunistic and predatory investors are involved in the tourism sector, then the nexus of tourism, disaster and conflict is complete in all its interlinkages. Recent studies that have examined the intersection of tourism, disaster and conflict include Cohen's (2011) research on post-tsunami land grabs in Thailand, Sri Lanka and India, Pyles et al (2017) study on post-earthquake disaster capitalism in Haiti and Loperena's (2017) analysis of tourism's extractivist expansion in the case of post-disaster Honduras. What has been lacking in these studies was a comprehensive theoretical conceptualization.…”

Section: Linkages Between Disaster and Conflictmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Contentious Role of Tourism in Disaster Response and Recovery in Vanuatu

Neef

2021

Front. Earth Sci.

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Tourism is a key contributor to the economy of the Pacific Island country Vanuatu. Yet many Ni-Vanuatu have seen their access to natural resources lost or reduced as a consequence of foreign investment in the tourism industry and associated land leases, while few community members found secure employment in the tourism sector to compensate for those losses. The tension between externally driven tourism development and local resource access has been exacerbated in the aftermath of 2015 Tropical Cyclone Pam which caused extensive damage both to the tourism industry and local communities. Employing a tourism-disaster-conflict nexus lens and drawing on semi-structured interviews with hotel managers, research conversations with hotel staff and community members, and focus group discussions with community leaders, this study examines how the tourism sector has impacted post-disaster response and recovery, particularly in terms of land relations and rural livelihoods. Findings suggest that tourism can be a double-edged sword for disaster-prone communities. While resorts play an important role as first responders, their contributions to post-disaster recovery processes remain ambiguous and marred by tensions between expatriate investors and indigenous Ni-Vanuatu people. These findings also hold lessons for the tourism crisis triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic in the South Pacific and elsewhere.

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Securitization, racial cleansing, and disaster capitalism: Neoliberal disaster governance in the US Gulf Coast and Haiti

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

The mechanism of disaster capitalism and the failure to build community resilience: learning from the 2009 earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy

The mechanism of disaster capitalism and the failure to build community resilience: learning from the 2009 earthquake in L'Aquila, Italy

Crisis Capitalism and Climate Finance: The Framing, Monetizing, and Orchestration of Resilience-Amidst-Crisis

The Contentious Role of Tourism in Disaster Response and Recovery in Vanuatu

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