“…Through the above analysis, we can get the energy state transition probability of any relay according to the role of the relay in the information transmission block, that is, information forwarding or keeping silent. According to the construction method of the FSMC transition probability matrix (TPM) in [16], we can obtain the transition probability by multiplying the energy state transition probabilities corresponding to all relays, thereby obtaining the transition probability matrix P. After P is given, the steady-state probability matrix can be calculated according to (12).…”
<p>This paper analyzes the performance of a two-hop half-duplex multi-relay system based on energy harvesting. The relay has energy harvesting and storage functions, and adopts an adaptive AF/DF transmission strategy and PS protocol. Based on three relay selection schemes, namely Energy Optimal Selection (EOS), Channel Gain Optimal Selection (GOS), and Energy and Channel Gain Optimal Selection (EGOS), the outage performance is compared. First, the finite state Markov chain (FSMC) is used to model the energy arrival and use status of each relay, and the energy transfer steady-state matrix is obtained. Then we use the Gauss Chebyshev formula to derive the analytical expression of the communication outage probability (COP). Finally, an optimization model for minimizing the COP for three relay selection schemes is constructed. The EOS and GOS schemes optimize power allocation for energy harvesting and information transmission, and the EGOS scheme jointly optimizes power allocation and energy thresholds. We use a one-dimensional search algorithm based on the golden section and a two-dimensional search algorithm based on iteration to solve these optimization problems. The simulation results show that the EGOS is the best among the three relay selection schemes.</p>
<p> </p>
“…Through the above analysis, we can get the energy state transition probability of any relay according to the role of the relay in the information transmission block, that is, information forwarding or keeping silent. According to the construction method of the FSMC transition probability matrix (TPM) in [16], we can obtain the transition probability by multiplying the energy state transition probabilities corresponding to all relays, thereby obtaining the transition probability matrix P. After P is given, the steady-state probability matrix can be calculated according to (12).…”
<p>This paper analyzes the performance of a two-hop half-duplex multi-relay system based on energy harvesting. The relay has energy harvesting and storage functions, and adopts an adaptive AF/DF transmission strategy and PS protocol. Based on three relay selection schemes, namely Energy Optimal Selection (EOS), Channel Gain Optimal Selection (GOS), and Energy and Channel Gain Optimal Selection (EGOS), the outage performance is compared. First, the finite state Markov chain (FSMC) is used to model the energy arrival and use status of each relay, and the energy transfer steady-state matrix is obtained. Then we use the Gauss Chebyshev formula to derive the analytical expression of the communication outage probability (COP). Finally, an optimization model for minimizing the COP for three relay selection schemes is constructed. The EOS and GOS schemes optimize power allocation for energy harvesting and information transmission, and the EGOS scheme jointly optimizes power allocation and energy thresholds. We use a one-dimensional search algorithm based on the golden section and a two-dimensional search algorithm based on iteration to solve these optimization problems. The simulation results show that the EGOS is the best among the three relay selection schemes.</p>
<p> </p>
“…Otherwise, if the harvested energy of EH nodes is lower than the minimum threshold, the users will always stay in a silent state, resulting in the confidential information can not be transmitted, i.e., the energy outage occurs [12]. Therefore, in the considered multiuser WPCCN, HOP is adopted as the proper metric commonly, which is closely related to the minimum energy threshold and secure transmission [12], [52]. The HOP, i.e., the outage probability that combining the EOP [53], [54] and SOP, can be given by…”
Section: A Hybrid Outage Probabilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Specifically, when the energy harvested at each user is lower than the inherent activation threshold of the EH circuit, the network only performs energy transfer between the HR and the source users without confidential information transmission, leading to the energy outage [52]- [54]. Note that for ease of analysis, we assume that all the source devices have the same EH module and power conversion circuit, i.e., all the users have the identical activation threshold.…”
Section: A Hybrid Outage Probabilitymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SOP in (18) denotes the SOP of each scheme, which is generally considered as a vital metric of PLS [28]- [30], [52]. In fact, when secrecy capacity of the system is lower than a predetermined transmission rate threshold R th , the networks incurs secrecy outage.…”
In this paper, we investigate secure communication in a hybrid relay (HR)-assisted wireless powered cooperative communication network (WPCCN), where an eavesdropper tries to intercept the data transmitted by a source user and the HR simultaneously. The HR has the ability to wireless powered the energy-constrained multiple users in the downlink and to relay the received confidential information in the uplink. In particular, the full-duplex destination-based jamming (FD-DBJ) strategy is exploited to improve the secrecy performance. Moreover, in order to conduct effective secure communications, we design two multiuser scheduling schemes, i.e., random user selection (RUS), and best user selection (BUS) based on the main channel quality. In order to evaluate the secrecy performance, we analytically derive the energy outage probability (EOP), the secrecy outage probability (SOP), and the hybrid outage probability (HOP), respectively. As such, we formulate the secrecy throughput (ST) maximization problem to optimize the predetermined transmission rate. Our analysis and numerical results reveal that: 1) The BUS scheme has better security performance. 2) Both of the energy conversion efficiency and the number of users have a positive effect on secrecy performance. 3) The FD-DBJ scheme is an effective method to achieve secure communications. 4) The the time-switching factor and predetermined transmission rate have a crucial influence on the secrecy performance, which should be considered carefully in system design. INDEX TERMS Wireless powered cooperative communication networks, hybrid relay, full-duplex destination-based jamming, physical layer security, secrecy outage probability. I. INTRODUCTION A. BACKGROUND VOLUME 4
“…Two SWIPT implementation architectures, that is, power splitting (PS) and time switching (TS), have been discussed in previous studies, [14][15][16] which perform the functionalities of EH and information processing (IP). In PS architecture, the incoming signal is split in two streams 17,18 for performing EH and IP, respectively.…”
A dual-hop time-switched (TS) energy harvesting (EH) amplify forward (AF) relay system has been considered, which comprises three nodes: source (S), destination (D), and an energy harvesting relay (R), respectively. Besides the relay link, the proposed architecture has an additional direct link between the source and destination node. For this model, we derive the expressions for system outage probability and throughput. The proposed architecture shows significant performance increments in terms of system outage probability and throughput when compared with a traditional EH relay system having no direct link.
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