Secure Internet Exams Despite Coercion

Auditable Anonymous Electronic Examination

“…Rakeei et al [20] introduced the concept of coercion-resistant e-exams. To achieve this objective, the authors defined two novel properties: anonymous submission and single blindness.…”

“…(P6) During preparation, a pre-assignment, introduced by Rakeei et al [20], is implemented to assign examiners to mark a subset/partition of answers without revealing this partition to the public. In their protocol, the distribution of the pre-assignment is handled through secure channels to each examiner.…”

“…(M1) To prevent a malicious EA (collaborating with the AA) from sending the same test to multiple examiners and to prevent malicious examiners from fraudulent marking, we will use the shuffled answers technique [20]. The idea behind the technique is that the EA will share all the question-solution pairs on the BB in such a way that the pairs could form tests; however, they are shuffled, so each pair in the shared tests originates from different candidates.…”