Secure and Cost-Effective Micro Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)-Like Metering for Behind-the-Meter (BTM) Solar Systems using Blockchain-Assisted Smart Inverters

Hadi, Abdullah Al; Bere, Gomanth; Kim, Taesic; Ochoa, Justin J.; Zeng, Jianwu; Seo, Gab-Su

doi:10.1109/apec39645.2020.9124385

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Blockchain is a shared, immutable ledger that facilitates the process of recording transactions and tracking assets in a network. In 2020, paper [18] proposed a metering method based on the blockchain network in smart inverters. This method operates similarly to micro phasor measurement units (µPMUs) and is implemented by an IoT device as a local security node.…”

Section: ) Blockchain Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method operates similarly to micro phasor measurement units (µPMUs) and is implemented by an IoT device as a local security node. The blockchain network was designed to validate measurement data, generate a metering ledger, manage ID, and store metering ledgers [18]. The proposed blockchain network focused on the utilization of blockchain smart contracts, which are self-executing scripts that execute the terms of contracts triggered by designated events.…”

Section: ) Blockchain Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A PV system testbed with blockchain-assisted enhancement was introduced in [9] and [18]. The physical power layer mainly included PV simulators (i.e., dc power supplies), power inverters, resistive loads, and a blockchain network programmed in a PC.…”

Section: B Testbed Example #2 -"Pv-system Testbed"mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Cybersecurity in Grid-Connected Power Electronics Converters: Vulnerabilities, Countermeasures, and Testbeds

Fu,

Lichtenwalner,

Johnson

2023

IEEE Access

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With the increasing installations of solar energy, electric vehicles, and other distributed energy resources and the deeper developments of digitalization and standardization, cybersecurity became more and more essential and critical in modern power systems. Unfortunately, most prior research work focuses on the cybersecurity of power transmission and distribution networks other than distributed energy devices and their grid-connected power converters. Focusing on the Grid-Connected Power Electronics Converters (GCPECs), this article does a comprehensive review of existing outcomes from selected references, in the aspects of vulnerabilities, countermeasures, and testbeds. By analyzing the GCPEC's layout and countermeasure candidates, it is found that the vulnerabilities of GCPECs include both cyber and physical layers that are easily accessible to malicious hackers. These vulnerabilities in the two layers must be considered simultaneously and coordinate well with each other. Especially, hardware hardening is an essential approach to enhance cybersecurity within GCPECs. It is also noticed that the detection and mitigation approaches should consider the complexity of algorithms to be applied and assess the limits of computing and data processing capabilities in GCPECs while evaluating the feasibility of countermeasure candidates to cyberattacks in testbeds. In addition, the countermeasures should meet relevant standards, such as IEEE-1547.1, IEEE-2030.5, IEC-61850, and IEC-62351, to ensure the interoperability and cybersecurity of GCPEC devices in smart grids. Finally, based on the review and analysis, four recommendations are raised for future research on GCPEC's cybersecurity and their applications in smart grids.

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Section: ) Blockchain Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Blockchain Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Cybersecurity in Grid-Connected Power Electronics Converters: Vulnerabilities, Countermeasures, and Testbeds

Fu,

Lichtenwalner,

Johnson

2023

IEEE Access

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“…Network-based security techniques have been mostly proposed to address the vulnerabilities of PV system communication standards [42], [43], [98]- [106]. A cybersecurity roadmap for PV systems was released in 2017 [42].…”

Section: Network and Firmware Security Detection And Mitigation Metho...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Cyber–Physical Security for Photovoltaic Systems

You-hai

Giani

Elasser

et al. 2022

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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