Secular changes in adult human height of men and women in different regions of Russia since the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century

Khafizova, Ainur A.; Negasheva, Marina A.

doi:10.32521/2074-8132.2020.2.055-073

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The above results are consistent with research conducted by scientists from the Department of Anthropology of Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov [53], who showed that despite the significant variability in secular changes in body size at different regions of Russia, a common pattern was identified for all populations, which consisted of an increase in definitive body length over the studied period of time. The analysis includes materials on body length for the adult population of 50 territorial subjects of the Russian Federation (34 regions, 9 republics, 6 territories, 1 autonomous district), surveyed from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century.…”

Section: Meat and Body Heightsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The analysis includes materials on body length for the adult population of 50 territorial subjects of the Russian Federation (34 regions, 9 republics, 6 territories, 1 autonomous district), surveyed from the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century. The average values of secular increases in definitive body length in the Russian population over the entire survey period were about 8 cm in men and over 4.5 cm in women, which is comparable to global values [53].…”

Section: Meat and Body Heightsupporting

confidence: 69%

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Assessing the role of meat consumption in human evolutionary changes. A review

Gorbunova

2024

Teor. prakt. pererab. mâsa (Print)

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The historical study of changes in food patterns is an integral part of the study of biological and social adaptations during the formation and further development of Homo sapiens species. For quite a long time, diets have been considered the driving force of human evolution. Changes in the type of food consumed and the way it was obtained have been associated with encephalization and the emergence of bipedalism, as well as ecological, social and cultural evolution of hominins1 . Archaeological and paleontological evidence indicates that at least about 3 million years ago, hominins increased their meat consumption and developed the necessary fabricated stone tools, while their brains and bodies evolved for a novel foraging niche and expanded hunting grounds. Animalsource foods have always been an integral part of the human diet. However, the way they are obtained and processed changed dramatically during human evolution. Meat became a common food source when systematic hunting began using technologies and tools focused on killing animals and meat cutting, which reduced the time and effort spent on chewing food, and later, on its cooking. At some point after this, humans began to hunt together, which made it possible to obtain meat from big game, and as a result, develop the social and altruistic skills to distribute the prey between sexes and ages. The eating habits of our ancestors have been studied using a variety of methods, including anthropometry, the use of archaeological data, and isotope analysis of bones and teeth to determine trophic status. The adaptive biological significance of meat-eating, which played an important role in human evolution, was analyzed, including the “expensive tissue hypothesis” draw attention to the evolutionary forces responsible for the increase in hominin brain size. Furthermore, data on changes in human anatomy, digestion and metabolism are systematized, indicating an evolutionary dependence on and compatibility with significant meat consumption. At the same time, a number of changes in the human body are associated with the skill of using fire in cooking. Heat processing of food stimulated our ancestors to overcome the food specialization intrinsic to animals. The question of what is the right diet for the human species and what are the potential consequences of limiting meat consumption is briefly addressed.

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Section: Meat and Body Heightsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Meat and Body Heightsupporting

confidence: 69%

Assessing the role of meat consumption in human evolutionary changes. A review

Gorbunova

2024

Teor. prakt. pererab. mâsa (Print)

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Analysis of factors affecting completion of growth processes in the post-puberty period

Кругликова

Chanchaeva

Айзман

2021

Sibirskij nauchnyj medicinskij zhurnal

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Post-puberty age is characterized by the formation of a definitive level of morphofunctional indicators of the body, the processes of social adaptation to a new after school stage of life and level of education. For age-related physiology, the post-puberty age is of interest in terms of the timing of completion of growth processes, as well as factors that determine these boundaries. Differences in the timing of completion of growth processes in juvenile age are due not only to a genetic factor, but also to a complex of epigenetic effects. This paper analyzes the literature data on factors that determine the timing of stabilization of growth processes in post-puberty age. The results of the analysis allow us to scientifically justify the conditions for the full implementation of the genotypic trait of long body size. Modern ideas about humoral mechanisms of growth regulation indicate the relationship between the secretion of growth factors and environmental conditions. Numerous studies prove the association of growth hormone with the stage of delta sleep and physical activity, somatomedin-C-with a protein diet. Growth hormone synergists in certain concentrations are insulin, sex and thyroid hormones, while glucocorticoids are antagonists. These factors allow us to explain the secular variability of the longitudinal body parameters of the generations in 19th-20th and 20th-21st centuries, depending on socio-economic conditions, lifestyle, puberty, and nutrition. The significance of the genetic factor is confirmed by differences in the timing of stabilization of body length between populations of different racial and ethnic backgrounds, and the sensitivity of growth processes to environmental factors is appeared between different geographical latitudes populations. Therefore, along with the genetic factor, climatic and geographical conditions, food quality, sleep and wake patterns, and lifestyle are determinants that affect the variability in the timing of growth processes completion in postpubertal age.

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Annual dynamics of parameters of physical development of boys and girls aged 18 and 19

Kruglikova

Chanchaeva

Sulimova

2022

Sibirskij nauchnyj medicinskij zhurnal

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The questions concerning the terms of juvenile age body measurement as well as body composition variability remain relevance and academic novelty. Such studies results data are essential for systematic analysis on secular trend of young generation development.Material and methods. Longitudinal study of physical development (length, body weight, muscle and fat component) of boys and girls aged 18 and 19, studying at 1–2 courses of university and living in a dormitory has been applied.Results and discussion. In boys and girls aged 18–19, body length and body weight have increased for 1 year on average by 1.5 and 0.9 cm and by 1.3 and 1.2 kg, respectively. In 22.6 % of boys and 54.8 % of girls body length does not change. The annual changes in the fat component are not reliable, whereas the muscle component increases significantly by 3 % in boys and by 0.8 % in girls. Students living in a dormitory often experience a lack of night sleep, they do not have enough physical activity, consume not enough calories, valuable proteins and fats. Because of this, physical development may deteriorate.Conclusions. The annual variability of the indicators of physical development of students aged 18–19 years indicates the ongoing processes of growth and development, which are more pronounced in boys, in girls there is a tendency to stabilize the length of the body. Knowledge about the sensitivity of the body of first-year students mastering the requirements for studying at a university and independent living in a dormitory is necessary for the organization of work on pedagogical support during the adaptation of first-year students.

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Secular changes in adult human height of men and women in different regions of Russia since the end of the 19th to the beginning of the 21st century

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Assessing the role of meat consumption in human evolutionary changes. A review

Assessing the role of meat consumption in human evolutionary changes. A review

Analysis of factors affecting completion of growth processes in the post-puberty period

Annual dynamics of parameters of physical development of boys and girls aged 18 and 19

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