Secular change in running performance of Japanese adolescents: A longitudinal developmental study

Watanabe, Tetsuji; Yamamoto, Yoshiharu; Miyashita, Mitsumasa; Mutoh, Yoshiteru

doi:10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1998)10:6<765::aid-ajhb8>3.0.co;2-0

“…On the other hand, in girls, on average, the running time decreases, reaches a plateau, and then increases. In addition, a few girls did not improve in the dash performance during the period of observation (Watanabe et al, 1998). The pattern of age-related change is much more similar between sexes in growth variables (monotonic increases) and to some extent in the endurance run, which in many boys also reaches a plateau and then shows an increase in running time (Watanabe et al, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Mean age at the first measurement was 12.6 ± 0.3 years. For detailed information on the measurements, see Watanabe et al (1998).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variance in age‐related changes in running performance and growth during adolescence: A longitudinal twin study

Watanabe¹,

Mutoh²,

Yamamoto³

2001

Am. J. Hum. Biol.

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The purpose of this study was to assess an effect of genotype on the patterns of age-related changes in running performance and physical growth during adolescence. The total sample was 14 pairs of male and 25 pairs of female monozygotic (MZ) twins and 19 pairs of male and 15 pairs of female dizygotic (DZ) twins. Performance on the 50-m dash and endurance run (1,500 m for boys and 1,000 m for girls, respectively) and stature and body mass were measured at yearly intervals from 12 to 17 years of age. A principal component analysis was applied to the longitudinal data, and within-pair resemblance in the scores on the first, the second, and the third principal components was compared between MZ and DZ twins. The analysis was conducted with both sexes pooled because of the limited number of twin pairs. The first two principal components explained at least 87% of the total variance, while the third principal component (PC3) explained a smaller portion of the total variance (more than 5%) in the dash and the endurance run. However, the total variance was explained almost entirely (more than 96%) by the first two components in height and mass. The first principal component (PC1), which explained 67-84% of the total variance, was a good indicator of average performance/body size of individuals during the period of observation. The second (PC2) and the third components (PC3) could be considered as indicators of the "shape" of developmental/growth curves, which were not related to inter-individual differences in the average performance/body size. Intraclass correlations (ri) of the scores on PC1 were consistently higher for MZ than for DZ twins, and estimated genetic variance was significant in endurance run, stature and body mass. The situation was the same for the scores on PC2 and/or PC3. However, such a between-genotype difference in ri and a significant genetic variance were not observed in the dash. It was concluded that MZ twins are more similar in the patterns of age-related changes in the performance of endurance run and physical growth during adolescence than DZ twins, suggesting a genetic contribution, while there was no evidence of a genetic contribution in the dash.

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“…The mean age at the first measurement (the first grade) was 12.6 ± 0.3 years. For detailed information on the measurements, see Watanabe et al (1998).…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar age-related changes in running performance and growth in adolescent monozygotic twins

Watanabe

¹

,

Mutoh

²

,

Yamamoto

³

2000

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The purpose of this study was to assess the similarities in the pattern of age-related change in the running performance and physical growth in adolescent monozygotic (MZ) twins. The total sample was 70 boys and 100 girls, including 14 pairs of male and 25 pairs of female MZ twins. Performance of the 50 m dash and endurance run (1,500 m for boys and 1,000 m for girls), and stature and body mass were measured longitudinally at yearly intervals from 12 to 17 years of age. The within-pair resemblance was compared between MZ twin pairs (MZ) and control pairs (CP), which were selected from the other subjects matched with each member of MZ for the initial values. The within-pair similarity in performance and growth curves was quantified by an average Euclidean distance coefficient (d(jk)) and a coefficient of shape differences (z(jk)) and a graphical analysis on the d(jk)-z(jk) coordinate. The time relationship between two curves was assessed by the arrangement of the sign of within-pair differences (number of runs, NR). Within-pair differences of measured value at the first and the last measurements were also examined. MZ generally showed smaller d(jk) and z(jk), clustering around the origin on the d(jk)-z(jk) coordinate. Frequency of observation of NR = 1, which means one member of a pair had consistently larger values than the other, tended to be lower in MZ in performance items. Within-pair differences in the last measurements were generally greater in CP. It was concluded that MZ twins have meaningful similarities in the pattern of age-related changes in running performances and physical growth during adolescence. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 12:623-632, 2000. Copyright 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Genetic variance in age-related changes in running performance and growth during adolescence: A longitudinal twin study

Watanabe

¹

,

Mutoh

²

,

Yamamoto

³

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to assess an effect of genotype on the patterns of age-related changes in running performance and physical growth during adolescence. The total sample was 14 pairs of male and 25 pairs of female monozygotic (MZ) twins and 19 pairs of male and 15 pairs of female dizygotic (DZ) twins. Performance on the 50-m dash and endurance run (1,500 m for boys and 1,000 m for girls, respectively) and stature and body mass were measured at yearly intervals from 12 to 17 years of age. A principal component analysis was applied to the longitudinal data, and within-pair resemblance in the scores on the first, the second, and the third principal components was compared between MZ and DZ twins. The analysis was conducted with both sexes pooled because of the limited number of twin pairs. The first two principal components explained at least 87% of the total variance, while the third principal component (PC3) explained a smaller portion of the total variance (more than 5%) in the dash and the endurance run. However, the total variance was explained almost entirely (more than 96%) by the first two components in height and mass. The first principal component (PC1), which explained 67-84% of the total variance, was a good indicator of average performance/body size of individuals during the period of observation. The second (PC2) and the third components (PC3) could be considered as indicators of the "shape" of developmental/growth curves, which were not related to inter-individual differences in the average performance/body size. Intraclass correlations (ri) of the scores on PC1 were consistently higher for MZ than for DZ twins, and estimated genetic variance was significant in endurance run, stature and body mass. The situation was the same for the scores on PC2 and/or PC3. However, such a between-genotype difference in ri and a significant genetic variance were not observed in the dash. It was concluded that MZ twins are more similar in the patterns of age-related changes in the performance of endurance run and physical growth during adolescence than DZ twins, suggesting a genetic contribution, while there was no evidence of a genetic contribution in the dash.

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Secular change in running performance of Japanese adolescents: A longitudinal developmental study

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic variance in age‐related changes in running performance and growth during adolescence: A longitudinal twin study

Genetic variance in age‐related changes in running performance and growth during adolescence: A longitudinal twin study

Similar age-related changes in running performance and growth in adolescent monozygotic twins

Genetic variance in age-related changes in running performance and growth during adolescence: A longitudinal twin study

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