Section E. The Diseases of Dairy Cattle

Watts, P. S.

doi:10.1017/s0022029900003344

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…This reduction was apparently due to actual destruction of the leucocytes by some lytic factor produced by the action of the substance on living tissues, since no such destruction occurred in vitro. This evidence does not agree with that previously reported in an earlier review by the present author (81).…”

Section: Contagious Abortion Bacteriologycontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section E. Diseases of Dairy Cattle

Watts

1944

Journal of Dairy Research

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The available literature during the period under review (March 1940-March 1942) is chiefly British, and American. In Britain the main emphasis has tended to change from the detection and isolation of all positive cows, including latent carriers, to the detection of only those cows clinically affected and which can be identified by simple methods in the byre. This is mainly due to the advice given to the Ministry of Agriculture by the Agricultural Research Council and the National Veterinary Medical Association. Both bodies put forward recommendations for the control of mastitis and these are embodied in the recent National Scheme of Control (l). The memorandum on the scheme lists the principal factors predisposing to mastitis as (1) overstocking, (2) hurrying the cows before milking, causing damaged teats, (3) incompetent milking by inexpert workers, and (4) ill-managed milking machines. As bacteriological examination of the milk of all cows is not possible the measures of control suggested are (1) daily use of the strip cup, (2) periodic clinical examination, (3) segregation or milking last of the known infected cows, (4) milkers' hands to be scrubbed and washed in disinfectant before and after milking each animal, (5) sterilization of the milking machine and dipping the teat cups in disinfectant after each cow has been milked, and (6) udder cloths to be kept in disinfectant when not in use. The treatment suggested is sulphanilamide per os in acute cases in milking cows and an injection of an acridine dye in chronic cases, especially when nearly or quite dry. Sulphanilamide is supplied at a reduced charge by the state, and free laboratory facilities are available to type the causal organism in cases of doubt. No control measures or treatment are suggested for types of mastitis other than that caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, though it is noted that filling the teats with an antiseptic emulsion before turning out dry cows may be a useful preventive measure in cases due to Corynebacterium pyogenes. The scheme has only recently come into operation and it is too early to assess the results. Similar methods of control have been described by Hucker(2), who reported that the percentage of cows condemned or segregated for mastitis fell from 2-2 to 1-7 in 1,491,325 cows examined over a period of 5 years. He emphasizes the value of proper hygiene, which includes the sterilization of the hands of the milkers and the teat cups of the machines. Harrison (3) has shown that the hands of the milkers habitually harbour Str. agalactiae even in herds where the mastitis infection rate as revealed by bacteriological examination is either low or nil. He has also shown that a detergent is necessary for the removal of the organism from the hands, and that soap and water are the most efficient agents. McCulloch (4) found that non-medicated hard soap was at least as good a disinfectant as hypochlorite at 100 p.p.m. available chlorine. Medicated soaps had no advantage over non-medicated. He advocates household lye, i.e. 97-5% NaOH, at ...

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Section: Contagious Abortion Bacteriologycontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section E. Diseases of Dairy Cattle

Watts

1944

Journal of Dairy Research

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“…Several estimates(i,2) of the incidence of mastitis and the money value lost in Great Britain have been made, and these are of such dimensions as to demand serious attack on its spread. The extent of the literature (3,4) is evidence of the world-wide interest in the eradication and control of the disease. In this country Minett et ai.…”

Section: The Use Of An Enrichmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

280. The relationship of methods of bacteriological examination to the eradication and control of mastitis (Streptococcus agalactiae): I. The use of an enrichment technique in revealing streptococcal infections of the cow's udder: II.Streptococcus agalactiaeinfection in heifers

Mattick

Shattock

Jacob

1941

Journal of Dairy Research

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In the course of attempts on a field scale to eradicate or controlStr. agalactiaeinfections, comparisons of the efficiency of several bacteriological methods have been made. It has been found that by using a method of enrichment, many cases of infection with small numbers ofStr. agalactiaecan be demonstrated in animals which give negative results by other methods. The frequency of examination has been shown to have an important influence upon the number of positive cases discovered.Light infections have been, proved to persist for long periods. Light infections withStr. dysgalactiaeandStr. uberishave also been found in many cases.Str. agalactiaehas been shown to be present in no less than 21 % of animals in their first lactation and 4·5 % of heifers were found to harbour this organism whilst in isolation before joining the herd. The bearing of these findings on the theory of contagion inStr. agalactiaeinfections has been discussed.

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An enrichment broth and differential medium for the isolation of mastitis organisms from the milk of distant herds

Innes

1953

Journal of Comparative Pathology and Therapeutics

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Section E. The Diseases of Dairy Cattle

Cited by 3 publications

References 69 publications

Section E. Diseases of Dairy Cattle

Section E. Diseases of Dairy Cattle

280. The relationship of methods of bacteriological examination to the eradication and control of mastitis (Streptococcus agalactiae): I. The use of an enrichment technique in revealing streptococcal infections of the cow's udder: II.Streptococcus agalactiaeinfection in heifers

An enrichment broth and differential medium for the isolation of mastitis organisms from the milk of distant herds

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