Secretome weaponries of Cochliobolus lunatus interacting with potato leaf at different temperature regimes reveal a CL[xxxx]LHM - motif

Abstract

BackgroundPlant and animal pathogenic fungus Cochliobolus lunatus cause great economic damages worldwide every year. C. lunatus displays an increased temperature dependent-virulence to a wide range of hosts. Nonetheless, this phenomenon is poorly understood due to lack of insights on the coordinated secretome weaponries produced by C. lunatus under heat-stress conditions on putative hosts. To understand the mechanism better, we dissected the secretome of C. lunatus interacting with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) leaf at different temperature regimes.ResultsC. lunatus produced melanized colonizing hyphae in and on potato leaf, finely modulated the ambient pH as a function of temperature and secreted diverse set of proteins. Using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D) and mass spectrometry (MS) technology, we observed discrete secretomes at 20°C, 28°C and 38°C. A total of 21 differentially expressed peptide spots and 10 unique peptide spots (that did not align on the gels) matched with 28 unique protein models predicted from C. lunatus m118 v.2 genome peptides. Furthermore, C. lunatus secreted peptides via classical and non-classical pathways related to virulence, proteolysis, nucleic acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, heat stress, signal trafficking and some with unidentified catalytic domains.ConclusionsWe have identified a set of 5 soluble candidate effectors of unknown function from C. lunatus secretome weaponries against potato crop at different temperature regimes. Our findings demonstrate that C. lunatus has a repertoire of signature secretome which mediates thermo-pathogenicity and share a leucine rich “CL[xxxx]LHM”-motif. Considering the rapidly evolving temperature dependent-virulence and host diversity of C. lunatus, this data will be useful for designing new protection strategies.

The Comparison of Expressed Candidate Secreted Proteins from Two Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Unravels Common and Specific Molecular Tools to Invade Different Host Plants

“…We then searched for all known motifs identified in effectors of eukaryotic filamentous plant pathogens: [LI]xAR, [RK]Cx 2 Cx 12 H (Yoshida et al, 2009 ), RxLx (Plett et al, 2011 ), RxLR, [YFW]xC (Godfrey et al, 2010 ), YxSL[RK] (Lévesque et al, 2010 ), [WYF]CxTYxSTYL, [SG]PC[KR]P (Sperschneider et al, 2013 ), G[IFY][ALST]R (Catanzariti et al, 2006 ), CHxC (Kemen et al, 2011 ), [FY][MR][HY]V[AE]Y[PR]CM, CL[AK][TW]LHM, [WI][HG]N[WE] (Louis et al, 2014 ), KECxD (Nicastro et al, 2009 ), RSIDELD (Zuccaro et al, 2011 ), IGYRxVxxxxA, K[AV]W[VI]P, Q[ML]LIP (Cheng et al, 2014 ). Most of these motifs were present in R. irregularis secretome, however none of them was significantly enriched compared to non-secreted proteins (Table S4 ).…”

Black List of Unreported Pathogenic Bambusicolous Fungi Limiting the Production of Edible Bamboo

“…Symptoms caused by C. lunatus in bamboo are similar to leaf spot disease of rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), cassava (Manihot esculenta), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and potato (Solanum tuberosum) [38][39][40][41][42]. It was suggested that C. lunatus produced brown-to-black symptoms in many plant hosts because of its melaninated colonizing hyphae [42][43][44]. Nonetheless, other recurrent leaf spot diseases of bamboo are caused by many species of Phyllachora [44].…”

First proteome study of sporadic flowering in bamboo species (Bambusa vulgaris and Dendrocalamus manipureanus) reveal the boom is associated with stress and mobile genetic elements

“…On the basis of MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS, some of the inconsistences observed in experimental and theoretical values for Mr and pI are common in 2-DE analysis as earlier explained(Nandi et al, 2005; Plomion et al, 2006;Louis et al, 2014b). Given that naturally bamboo flowering depends on factors such as environment, nutrition or soil, climate and the physiological status(John and Nadgauda, 2002; Lin et al, 2010;Sharma et al, 2014), the variations in gel profiles(Fig.…”