Secretome analysis of virulentPyrenophora teresf. teresisolates

Abstract

Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ptt) causes net form net blotch disease of barley, partially by producing necrosis-inducing proteins. The protein profiles of the culture filtrates of 28 virulent isolates were compared by a combination of 2DE and 1D-PAGE with 105 spots and 51 bands chosen for analysis by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 259 individual proteins were identified with 63 of these proteins being common to the selected virulent isolates. Ptt secretes a broad spectrum of proteins including cell wall degrading enzymes; virulence factors and effectors; proteins associated with fungal pathogenesis and development; and proteins related to oxidation-reduction processes. Potential virulence factors and effectors identified included proteins with glucosidase activity, ricin B and concanavalin A-like lectins, glucanases, spherulin, cutinase, pectin lyase, leucine-rich repeat protein, and ceratoplatanin. Small proteins with unknown function but cysteine-rich, common to effectors, were also identified. Differences in the secretion profile of the Ptt isolates have also provided important insight into the different mechanisms contributing to virulence and the development of net form net blotch symptoms.

Proteomic Studies to Understand the Mechanisms of Peach Tissue Degradation by Monilinia laxa

“…The analysis of the 157 SP positive proteins revealed a core exoproteome of 56 proteins shared among M. laxa isolates, which could imply a common strategy among them. Similar strategies have been described studying secretomes in B. cinerea (Gonzaĺez-Fernańdez et al, 2014) and Pyrenophora teres f. teres (Ismail and Able, 2016). An increase of secreted proteins has been reported in B. cinerea when growing in nutritionally rich media compared to more simple media (Shah et al, 2009a;Espino et al, 2010) or with complex carbon sources like pectin as has been described in M. laxa (Shah et al, 2009b;Rodrıǵuez-Pires et al, 2020).…”

“…Proteomics was a powerful tool to evaluate samples containing a large number of proteins generated in diverse biological states (El-Akhal et al, 2013;Loginov and Sěbela, 2016). The proteome has been used to determine proteins related to pathogenesis (El-Bebany et al, 2010;Ismail and Able, 2016) and in plant-based interactions (Shah et al, 2012). In this sense, a great effort has been made in the closely necrotrophic fungus B. cinerea to understand molecular mechanisms from a proteomic view, such as conidial germination (Espino et al, 2010;Gonzaĺez-Rodrıǵuez et al, 2014), modulation of protein secretion patterns under different carbon sources (Fernańdez-Acero et al, 2009;Shah et al, 2009b) and plant-based elicitors (Shah et al, 2009a;Fernańdez-Acero et al, 2010).…”

Genome-Wide Analysis of Corynespora cassiicola Leaf Fall Disease Putative Effectors

“…All of them were up-regulated, and notably five with a very high fold change (between 7.1 and 9.6): the two putative pectin lyases (PL1 and PL3), one glucanase, one FAD-linked oxidase and one lectin beta domain-containing protein. They can be considered as good effector candidates potentially involved in cell wall degradation (Kubicek et al, 2014 ; Ismail and Able, 2016 ). Other up-regulated candidate effectors were potential actors of cell wall degradation: a secreted cellulase, two GH16s, four non-secreted CE10 carbohydrate esterases„ two AA9s cellulose-binding glycoside hydrolases, and two AA3s glucose-methanol-choline (GMC) oxidoreductases.…”

Transcriptome Analysis of Tomato Leaf Spot Pathogen Fusarium proliferatum: De novo Assembly, Expression Profiling, and Identification of Candidate Effectors

“…The BYS1-domain protein was originally purified from the pathogenic dimorphic fungus Blastomyces dermatitidis [ 33 ], which was found in two candidate effectors (DN33323 and DN69307), suggesting that the BYS1-domain protein may be involved in the pathogenicity of F. proliferatum -infected tomato plants. On the other hand, concanavalin A-like lectin/glucanase has been identified as an effector protein in Pyrenophorateres f. teres [ 34 ], which was also found in the candidate effector DN57353. Candidate effectors homologous to acid phosphatase, adhesin, clock-controlled protein-like protein, glycoside hydrolase protein and tyrosinase were also identified from the secreted proteins of F. proliferatum -infected tomato plants.…”