Secretome analysis of Trichoderma atroviride T17 biocontrol of Guignardia citricarpa

Lima, Fernanda Blauth de; Félix, Carina; Osório, Nádia; Alves, Artur; Vitorino, Rui; Domingues, Pedro; Correia, António; Ribeiro, Rute Terezinha da Silva; Correia, António

doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2016.04.009

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Several approaches for proteome analysis have been used to investigate and compare proteins produced by different members of Trichoderma spp. under a wide range of growth conditions [ 31 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 ]. A novel aspartic protease was identified and found to be differently upregulated in T. harzianum cultures amended with different fungal cell walls, suggesting a role in mycoparasitism and a proteomic response tuned to the fungal partner [ 118 ].…”

Section: Direct Interactions With Plant Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering Trichoderma–Plant–Pathogen Interactions for Better Development of Biocontrol Applications

Alfiky

Weisskopf

2021

JoF

166

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Members of the fungal genus Trichoderma (Ascomycota, Hypocreales, Hypocreaceae) are ubiquitous and commonly encountered as soil inhabitants, plant symbionts, saprotrophs, and mycoparasites. Certain species have been used to control diverse plant diseases and mitigate negative growth conditions. The versatility of Trichoderma’s interactions mainly relies on their ability to engage in inter- and cross-kingdom interactions. Although Trichoderma is by far the most extensively studied fungal biocontrol agent (BCA), with a few species already having been commercialized as bio-pesticides or bio-fertilizers, their wide application has been hampered by an unpredictable efficacy under field conditions. Deciphering the dialogues within and across Trichoderma ecological interactions by identification of involved effectors and their underlying effect is of great value in order to be able to eventually harness Trichoderma’s full potential for plant growth promotion and protection. In this review, we focus on the nature of Trichoderma interactions with plants and pathogens. Better understanding how Trichoderma interacts with plants, other microorganisms, and the environment is essential for developing and deploying Trichoderma-based strategies that increase crop production and protection.

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Section: Direct Interactions With Plant Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering Trichoderma–Plant–Pathogen Interactions for Better Development of Biocontrol Applications

Alfiky

Weisskopf

2021

JoF

166

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“…Brazil, China, and the United States are the major producers of citrus (2). In Brazil, 230,000 direct and indirect jobs are related to citriculture (3). The citrus industry in Brazil corresponded to US$6.5 billion in revenues in 2019 (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, 230,000 direct and indirect jobs are related to citriculture (3). The citrus industry in Brazil corresponded to US$6.5 billion in revenues in 2019 (3). Citrus fruits can be affected by different diseases, leading to up to 50% of fruit losses and causing a negative economic impact (4)(5)(6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Phytotoxic Tryptoquialanines Produced In Vivo by Penicillium digitatum Are Exported in Extracellular Vesicles

Costa

Bazioli

Barbosa

et al. 2021

mBio

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Penicillium digitatum is the most aggressive pathogen of citrus fruits. Tryptoquialanines are major indole alkaloids produced by P. digitatum. It is unknown if tryptoquialanines are involved in the damage of citrus fruits caused by P. digitatum. To investigate the pathogenic roles of tryptoquialanines, we initially asked if tryptoquialanines could affect the germination of Citrus sinensis seeds. Exposure of the citrus seeds to tryptoquialanine A resulted in a complete inhibition of germination and an altered metabolic response. Since this phytotoxic effect requires the extracellular export of tryptoquialanine A, we investigated the mechanisms of extracellular delivery of this alkaloid in P. digitatum. We detected extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by P. digitatum both in culture and during infection of citrus fruits. Compositional analysis of EVs produced during infection revealed the presence of a complex cargo, which included tryptoquialanines and the mycotoxin fungisporin. The EVs also presented phytotoxicity activity in vitro and caused damage to the tissues of citrus seeds. Through molecular networking, it was observed that the metabolites present in the P. digitatum EVs are produced in all of its possible hosts. Our results reveal a novel phytopathogenic role of P. digitatum EVs and tryptoquialanine A, implying that this alkaloid is exported in EVs during plant infection. IMPORTANCE During the postharvest period, citrus fruits can be affected by phytopathogens such as Penicillium digitatum, which causes green mold disease and is responsible for up to 90% of total citrus losses. Chemical fungicides are widely used to prevent green mold disease, leading to concerns about environmental and health risks. To develop safer alternatives to control phytopathogens, it is necessary to understand the molecular basis of infection during the host-pathogen interaction. In the P. digitatum model, the virulence strategies are poorly known. Here, we describe the production of phytotoxic extracellular vesicles (EVs) by P. digitatum during the infection of citrus fruits. We also characterized the secondary metabolites in the cargo of EVs and found in this set of molecules an inhibitor of seed germination. Since EVs and secondary metabolites have been related to virulence mechanisms in other host-pathogen interactions, our data are important for the comprehension of how P. digitatum causes damage to its primary hosts.

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“…Chitinase 33, an endochitinase gene encoding a cell wall-degrading extracellular enzyme, was found to be upregulated three-fold in Tv3. Chitinase plays roles in mycoparasitism processes, stimuli and subsequent biocontrol interactions (Lima et al., 2016; Zeilinger et al., 1999). Similarly, the other upregulated gene was polyketide synthase, which showed a five-fold increase in the mutant strain compared to the parental strain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the in vitro antagonistic potential of Trichoderma spp. against soil-borne fungal pathogens

Alfiky

2019

Heliyon

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Development of new effective biocontrol agents is largely based on the antagonistic capacity of candidate agents against targeted pathogens in vitro . Different mechanisms contribute to such capacity, including the activity of cell wall-degrading enzymes, secretion of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, growth vigour and resistance to exogenous and endogenous toxins. In this study, a series of laboratory experiments were designed to improve the antagonistic activities of Trichoderma spp. against two plant fungal pathogens, Sclerotium rolfsii and Rhizoctonia solani . A simple but efficient mutagenesis programme was carried out using ultraviolet light to induce modifications in the genetic structure of two Trichoderma biocontrol agents, T. virens and T. asperellum . The obtained mutants were subjected to a) initial screening for media-permeable antifungal metabolites using the cellophane membrane-based method, and b) selected mutants were subjected to a series of antagonistic tests. Results revealed that the antagonistic potential of selected mutants was significantly improved against the two plant pathogens. Genetic stability test results indicated that the UV-derived mutant Tv3, maintained its elevated performance after 12 rounds of sub-culture. Gene expression analysis for five antagonism-associated genes were examined using real-Time PCR. Results revealed that the gene expression of two genes, chitinase 33, a cell wall degrading enzyme and, polyketide synthase, which is responsible for polyketide biosynthesis, a class of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial roles, were significantly upregulated in one of the mutated T. virens strains. Results of our in vitro antagonistic studies along with our molecular analysis indicate that the UV mutagenesis could be an effective strategy to improve Trichoderma antagonistic potential.

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Secretome analysis of Trichoderma atroviride T17 biocontrol of Guignardia citricarpa

Cited by 26 publications

References 69 publications

Deciphering Trichoderma–Plant–Pathogen Interactions for Better Development of Biocontrol Applications

Deciphering Trichoderma–Plant–Pathogen Interactions for Better Development of Biocontrol Applications

Phytotoxic Tryptoquialanines Produced In Vivo by Penicillium digitatum Are Exported in Extracellular Vesicles

Effects of ultraviolet irradiation on the in vitro antagonistic potential of Trichoderma spp. against soil-borne fungal pathogens

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