Secretion of Insulin in Response to Diet and Hormones

Mann, Elizabeth A.

doi:10.3998/panc.2016.3

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Glucose is the most potent stimulator of insulin secretion and can achieve acute and long-term regulation of insulin [30]. Nevertheless, some nutrients are also able to activate insulin release or intensify glucose-stimulated insulin secretions such as hormones [31,32], proteins [33,34], and pharmacological agents [35]. In the present study, flavonoids were subjected to a RIN-5F pancreatic cell to determine the effect of plant-based compounds on insulin secretion stimulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation and Acetylation Enhanced the Antidiabetic Activity of Some Selected Flavonoids: In Vitro, Molecular Modelling and Structure Activity Relationship-Based Study

et al. 2018

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Flavonoids have been reported to exert antihyperglycemic effects and have potential to enhance the current therapy options against type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, the structure activity relationships (SAR) studies of flavonoids against this disease have not been thoroughly comprehended. Hence, in the present study, 14 structurally related flavonoids viz. wogonin, techtochrysin, norwogonin, isoscutellarein, hypolaetin, kaempferol, quercetin, methyl ether of wogonin, acetate of wogonin, acetate of norwogonin, 8-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavone, chrysin, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were taken into account for in vitro antidiabetic evaluation. Cell viability of RIN-5F pancreatic cells and 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte cells was initially tested, then an insulin secretion assay of RIN-5F as well as adipogenesis and glucose uptake measurements of adipocyte were investigated. Subsequently, protein expressions study through adipokines measurement (leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, RBP-4) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit, Western blotting analysis against GLUT4 and C/EBP-α as well as molecular docking against GLUT1 were analyzed. The results from cell culture antidiabetic assays (insulin secretion, adipogenesis, and glucose uptake), protein expressions and molecular docking pointed that the methoxy group at position C-8 is responsible for antidiabetic property of selected flavonoids via glucose uptake mechanism indicated by up regulation of GLUT4 and C/EBP-α expressions. The mechanism could be enhanced by the addition of an acetate group at C-5 and C-7 of the flavone skeleton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylation and Acetylation Enhanced the Antidiabetic Activity of Some Selected Flavonoids: In Vitro, Molecular Modelling and Structure Activity Relationship-Based Study

et al. 2018

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“…Additionally, insulin promotes lipogenesis [20,21], and the incorporation of amino acids into proteins [22] when it is in high concentrations. Different at low concentrations, which produce lipolysis in adipocytes, releasing free fatty acids by stimulating the use of lipids over glucose to satisfy energy needs at rest [23]. The release of insulin from β-cells is tightly regulated and exactly satisfies the metabolic demand for caloric nutrients in the body [16,23].…”

Section: Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different at low concentrations, which produce lipolysis in adipocytes, releasing free fatty acids by stimulating the use of lipids over glucose to satisfy energy needs at rest [23]. The release of insulin from β-cells is tightly regulated and exactly satisfies the metabolic demand for caloric nutrients in the body [16,23]. Regarding C-peptide, it has been important to follow some insulin states that are difficult to measure [24].…”

Section: Pancreasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Main Organs Involved in Glucose Metabolism

Lema-Perez¹

2021

Sugar Intake - Risks and Benefits and the Global Diabetes Epidemic

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Sugar, or technically known as glucose, is the main source of energy of all cells in the human body. The glucose homeostasis cycle is the mechanism to maintain blood glucose levels in a healthy threshold. When this natural mechanism is broken, many metabolic disorders appear such as diabetes mellitus, and some substances of interest, like glucose, are out of control. In the mechanism to maintain blood glucose, several organs are involved but the role of most of them has been disregarded in the literature. In this chapter, the main organs involved in such a mechanism and their role in glucose metabolism are described. Specifically, the stomach and small intestine, organs of the gastrointestinal system, are the first to play an important role in the regulatory system, because it is where carbohydrates are digested and absorbed as glucose into the bloodstream. Then glucose as a simple substance goes to the liver to be stored as glycogen. Glucose storage occurs due to the delivery of hormones from the pancreas, which produces, stores, and releases insulin and glucagon, two antagonistic hormones with an important role in glucose metabolism. The kidneys assist the liver in insulin clearance in the postprandial state and gluconeogenesis in the post absorptive state. Physiological aspects and the detailed role of every organ involved in glucose metabolism are described in this chapter.

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