Secretion of Corticotrophin and Somatotrophin by the Senescent Adenohypophysis in Man

Blichert-Toft, M

doi:10.1530/acta.0.080s0015

Cited by 30 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 127 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…A majority of studies have shown that basal circulating levels of cortisol [248-266 and references therein] do not vary significantly with aging in humans. These analyses included the varying gender population as well as the health status of subjects with some using samples from males only [248,249,256,[260][261][262], others employing both men and women [252][253][254][255]257,259,262,265], some from subjects classified as 'normal healthy' [248,249,256,[260][261][262], and others from hospitalized patients [251,252,257,262]. Few studies have reported decreased [267,268], or increased [269][270][271][272][273] cortisol levels.…”

Section: Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Aging on Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis and Secretion

Zaidi¹

2013

TOLSJ

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Steroid hormones are lipophilic, low-molecular weight organic compounds all of which are derived from cholesterol. They are primarily synthesized by steroidogenic glands such as gonads (ovary and testis), the adrenal gland and, during pregnancy, by the placental trophoblasts. Limited steroid synthesis also takes place in the brain. Steroid hormones are crucial for the proper functioning of the body. They mediate a wide variety of vital physiological functions, ranging from maintaining normal reproductive function and secondary sexual characteristics, to regulating virtually every metabolic process in the body. Like many age-related endocrine disorders, aging also progressively impacts the tissue-specific synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones. The goal of this review is to summarize the effects of aging on steroid hormone synthesis and secretion by the adrenal gland and gonads of both human and experimental animal models, to describe the potential involvement of excessive oxidative stress in mediating age-related alterations in steroidogenesis, and to discuss the possible underlying mechanisms involved.

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Section: Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Aging on Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis and Secretion

Zaidi¹

2013

TOLSJ

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“…In the elderly group (> 70 years) the blood concentration of haemoglobin, creatinine, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and glutamic oxaloacetic trans aminase determined in routine laboratory should be within the 95 % normal range. Normal levels of plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) (Nielsen and Asfeldt, 1967), serum thyroxine (Murphy, 1965), and serum thyrotrophin (Dige-Petersen and Hummer, 1974;Blichert-Toft et at., 1975) were demanded. Physical examination and history taking should not reveal any manifest organic disorders.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 10 young subjects, aged 20-42 years, and 10 elderly subjects, aged 70-84 years, a metyrapone test was carried out according to principles described earlier (Blichert-Toft, 1975). At a dose rate of 17.5 mg Metopiron (Ciba)/kg BW/h the metyrapone was adminis tered intravenously between 8 a.m. and 12 noon.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the aged, a decreased function of the glucocorticoid producing system has been demonstrated (R om anoff et al, 1961; West etal., 1961;Blichert-Toft, 1975). The phenomenon is hardly suggestive of a primary insufficiency of the…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The phenomenon is hardly suggestive of a primary insufficiency of the system, it may rather be the result of a homeostatic adjustment to reduced peripheral demand for cortisol in old age {West et ai, 1961;Blichert-Toft, 1975). In order to further substantiate this hypothesis, assessment of the corticotrophin level in blood and the corticotrophin reserve in old age is impor tant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serum Immunoreactive Corticotrophin and Response to Metyrapone in Old Age in Man

Blicher-Toft¹,

Hummer²

1977

Gerontology

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Attempts have been made to establish the level of immunoreactive corticotrophin (IR-ACTH) in serum in healthy subjects with particular reference to the results in old age. A total of 146 subjects were investigated and the clinical and biochemical conditions of selection specified. Serum IR-ACTH was determined by a radioimmunoassay procedure using an N-terminal antibody produced against the 1–24 sequence of the corticotrophin molecule. The morning level of serum IR-ACTH was determined in 115 fasting healthy subjects, range < 16–210 pg/ml, median 94 pg/ml (3rd International Standard preparation). The level was found to be unchanged within the age interval 20–94 years, irrespective of sex. The nycterohemeral variation of the IR-ACTH concentration in serum was studied in 11 subjects. A rhythmic variation of the IR-ACTH level was not constantly found and age-related difference in the temporal pattern was not demonstrated. In 10 young and 10 elderly subjects a metyrapone test was carried out and the IR-ACTH response was determined. The rise in serum IR-ACTH concentration varied between 20 and 739 pg/ml. Any significant age-related difference in response was not found. The interpretation of the present results with respect to the decreased secretory activity of the glucocorticoid producing system in the aged is discussed. It was concluded that the findings in this study did not indicate a primary deficiency of the axis of the glucocorticoid producing system, neither at the pituitary level nor at the adrenocortical level, as a causal factor to the decreased glucocorticoid production in old age.

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Activation and degeneration during aging: A morphometric study of the human hypothalamus

Zhou

Swaab

1999

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Secretion of Corticotrophin and Somatotrophin by the Senescent Adenohypophysis in Man

Cited by 30 publications

References 127 publications

Impact of Aging on Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis and Secretion

Impact of Aging on Steroid Hormone Biosynthesis and Secretion

Serum Immunoreactive Corticotrophin and Response to Metyrapone in Old Age in Man

Activation and degeneration during aging: A morphometric study of the human hypothalamus

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