Secondhand Tobacco Smoke in Public Places in Latin America, 2002-2003

Navas‐Acien, Ana; Peruga, Armando; Breysse, Patrick N.; Zavaleta, Alfonso; Blanco-Marquizo, Adriana; Pitarque, Raul; Acuña, Marisol; Jiménez-Reyes, Katya; Colombo, Vera L.; Gamarra, Graciela; Stillman, Frances A.; Samet, Jonathan M.

doi:10.1001/jama.291.22.2741

Cited by 105 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…To assess home exposure levels to SHS, we measured air nicotine concentrations over 7 d using passive air monitors, one monitor per household (16,17). Air nicotine monitors were installed in the room in which the family congregated most frequently.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Hair Nicotine Concentrations in Nonsmoking Women and Children: A Multicountry Study of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Homes

Kim

Wipfli

Navas‐Acien

et al. 2009

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main purpose of this study was to identify and evaluate determinants of hair nicotine concentrations in nonsmoking women and children exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke at home. Hair samples were collected from nonsmoking women (n = 852) and from children (n = 1,017) <11 years of age living in households (n = 1,095) with smokers from 31 countries from July 2005 to October 2006. Participants' ages, activity patterns and socioeconomic characteristics including education and employment status, and hair treatment information were collected. Multilevel linear regression modeling was used to identify the main determinants of hair nicotine concentration measured by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Increased indoor air nicotine concentration at home were associated with increased hair nicotine concentrations in nonsmoking women and children. This association was not changed after controlling for other explanatory variables. After controlling for age, length of exposure, and socioeconomic characteristics, hair nicotine concentrations in nonsmoking children and women were estimated to be increased by 3% and 1%, respectively, for a 1 μg/m 3 increase in air nicotine concentration. The association between children's exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke at home and hair nicotine concentration was stronger among younger children and children with longer exposure at home. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(12):3407-14)

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Hair Nicotine Concentrations in Nonsmoking Women and Children: A Multicountry Study of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Homes

Kim

Wipfli

Navas‐Acien

et al. 2009

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A pioneering study that measured airborne nicotine concentrations in 22 hospitals in seven European cities (Vienna (Austria), Paris (France), Athens (Greece), Florence (Italy), Porto (Portugal), Barcelona (Spain) and Ö rebro (Sweden)) during 2001-2002 showed low but detectable SHS exposure in hospitals [5,18,19]. Similar surveys conducted in 11 Latin American countries and China, including one hospital in each country between 2002 and 2006, also showed low but quantifiable nicotine concentrations [20][21][22][23]. In a previous study in Catalonia, Spain, low levels of airborne nicotine were found in 44 public hospitals before the new Spanish tobacco control law came into force in 2006, which subsequently mostly decreased to unquantifiable concentrations after the ban [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Second-hand smoke exposure in a sample of European hospitals

Fernández¹,

Martı́nez²,

Fu³

et al. 2009

European Respiratory Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Smoking in hospitals is banned in many European countries; nevertheless, the level of compliance is diverse, and, in some cases, smoking areas remain. The present study describes the levels of second-hand smoke, as derived from respirable suspended particle measurements, in a sample of European hospitals during the year 2007.The present study was a multicentric descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in 30 hospitals in seven European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Romania and Spain). Particulate matter with a 50% cut-off aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 mm (PM2.5) concentration was measured by means of a hand-held laser-operated monitor of particle size and mass concentration in six selected indoor locations. Medians and interquartile ranges of PM2.5 concentration were computed in order to describe the data by country and location of measurement.The median PM2.5 concentration in all countries and locations was 3.0 mg?m -3 , with half of the measurements ranging 2.0-7.0 mg?m -3 . PM2.5 levels were similar across countries. Eleven (5.5%) measurements were .25.0 mg?m -3 , which is the 24-h mean limit recommended by the World Health Organization outdoor air quality guideline.The present results show that exposure to second-hand smoke in this sample of European hospitals is very low, and can be easily monitored in order to ensure smoke-free legislation compliance.

show abstract

“…Similar to our findings, the mass media was a major source of information among respondents in Lebanon 12 , where it was recorded that efforts had been made by the State Ministries for health and the syndicate of restaurant owners to educate the employees in Lebanon about the law. Employees in restaurants, bars and nightclubs are key stakeholders in the successful implementation of smoke-free laws, as these establishments have been highlighted as environments in which both employees and clients have high levels of exposure Tobacco Prevention & Cessation to SHS [13][14][15][16][17] . When governments enact smoke free laws, it is important to develop strategies to educate not only the general population, but the specific groups of employees who will be involved in the effective implementation of these laws.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are hospitality workers aware and do they support the State-wide Regulation of Smoking Law in Lagos state Nigeria?

Odukoya¹,

Ohanusi²,

Olokodana³

2016

Tob. Prev. Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTION A law controlling tobacco smoking in public places in Lagos state, Nigeria was enacted in February 2014. This study examines the awareness and support of workers in restaurants, bars and nightclubs for the provisions of the law. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in July 2014 shortly after the law was enacted. Three hundred and forty hospitality venues (restaurants, bars and nightclubs) were randomly selected one eligible worker was interviewed using a pre tested questionnaire. RESULTS Only 57.6% were aware of the existence of the law. Awareness of the specific places where the smoking is prohibited and the specific tennets of the law were very low. More than half of the respondents supported the prohibition of tobacco smoking in most public places. Many (47.1%) of the respondents felt that the law would decrease revenue, however majority (72.9%) felt that the law would reduce smoking rates. Support for smoking bans was associated with the presence of workplace smoking restrictions and a lack of tobacco sales on the premises. CONCLUSIONS Awareness of the State Regulation of smoking law was low however ,many of the workers support many aspects of the law. They however, believed the law would negatively impact revenue. Mechanisms to educate these workers and deal with their misconceptions of the perceived negative effects of the law should be implemented. Monitoring the awareness and support of these workers for smoke-free legislation is essential, in line with the guidelines for Article 8 of the WHO FCTC.

show abstract

Secondhand Tobacco Smoke in Public Places in Latin America, 2002-2003

Cited by 105 publications

References 20 publications

Determinants of Hair Nicotine Concentrations in Nonsmoking Women and Children: A Multicountry Study of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Homes

Determinants of Hair Nicotine Concentrations in Nonsmoking Women and Children: A Multicountry Study of Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Homes

Second-hand smoke exposure in a sample of European hospitals

Are hospitality workers aware and do they support the State-wide Regulation of Smoking Law in Lagos state Nigeria?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About